JsonCPP update from 0.10.6 to 1.8.0

2 files changed, 1020 insertions, 466 deletions

diff --git a/lib/jsoncpp/json/json.h b/lib/jsoncpp/json/json.h
index e9b696c01..02a31f4a0 100644
--- a/lib/jsoncpp/json/json.h
+++ b/lib/jsoncpp/json/json.h
@@ -6,28 +6,28 @@
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 /*
-The JsonCpp library's source code, including accompanying documentation,
+The JsonCpp library's source code, including accompanying documentation, 
 tests and demonstration applications, are licensed under the following
 conditions...
 
-The author (Baptiste Lepilleur) explicitly disclaims copyright in all
-jurisdictions which recognize such a disclaimer. In such jurisdictions,
+The author (Baptiste Lepilleur) explicitly disclaims copyright in all 
+jurisdictions which recognize such a disclaimer. In such jurisdictions, 
 this software is released into the Public Domain.
 
 In jurisdictions which do not recognize Public Domain property (e.g. Germany as of
 2010), this software is Copyright (c) 2007-2010 by Baptiste Lepilleur, and is
 released under the terms of the MIT License (see below).
 
-In jurisdictions which recognize Public Domain property, the user of this
-software may choose to accept it either as 1) Public Domain, 2) under the
-conditions of the MIT License (see below), or 3) under the terms of dual
+In jurisdictions which recognize Public Domain property, the user of this 
+software may choose to accept it either as 1) Public Domain, 2) under the 
+conditions of the MIT License (see below), or 3) under the terms of dual 
 Public Domain/MIT License conditions described here, as they choose.
 
 The MIT License is about as close to Public Domain as a license can get, and is
 described in clear, concise terms at:
 
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_License
-
+   
 The full text of the MIT License follows:
 
 ========================================================================
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ license you like.
 /// If defined, indicates that the source file is amalgated
 /// to prevent private header inclusion.
 #define JSON_IS_AMALGAMATION
-#define JSONCPP_STRING
+
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // Beginning of content of file: include/json/version.h
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -87,13 +87,20 @@ license you like.
 #ifndef JSON_VERSION_H_INCLUDED
 # define JSON_VERSION_H_INCLUDED
 
-# define JSONCPP_VERSION_STRING "0.10.6"
-# define JSONCPP_VERSION_MAJOR 0
-# define JSONCPP_VERSION_MINOR 10
-# define JSONCPP_VERSION_PATCH 6
+# define JSONCPP_VERSION_STRING "1.8.0"
+# define JSONCPP_VERSION_MAJOR 1
+# define JSONCPP_VERSION_MINOR 8
+# define JSONCPP_VERSION_PATCH 0
 # define JSONCPP_VERSION_QUALIFIER
 # define JSONCPP_VERSION_HEXA ((JSONCPP_VERSION_MAJOR << 24) | (JSONCPP_VERSION_MINOR << 16) | (JSONCPP_VERSION_PATCH << 8))
 
+#ifdef JSONCPP_USING_SECURE_MEMORY
+#undef JSONCPP_USING_SECURE_MEMORY
+#endif
+#define JSONCPP_USING_SECURE_MEMORY 0
+// If non-zero, the library zeroes any memory that it has allocated before
+// it frees its memory.
+
 #endif // JSON_VERSION_H_INCLUDED
 
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -116,6 +123,9 @@ license you like.
 
 #ifndef JSON_CONFIG_H_INCLUDED
 #define JSON_CONFIG_H_INCLUDED
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <string> //typedef String
+#include <stdint.h> //typedef int64_t, uint64_t
 
 /// If defined, indicates that json library is embedded in CppTL library.
 //# define JSON_IN_CPPTL 1
@@ -148,12 +158,12 @@ license you like.
 #ifdef JSON_IN_CPPTL
 #define JSON_API CPPTL_API
 #elif defined(JSON_DLL_BUILD)
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
 #define JSON_API __declspec(dllexport)
 #define JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING
 #endif // if defined(_MSC_VER)
 #elif defined(JSON_DLL)
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
 #define JSON_API __declspec(dllimport)
 #define JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING
 #endif // if defined(_MSC_VER)
@@ -167,34 +177,93 @@ license you like.
 // Storages, and 64 bits integer support is disabled.
 // #define JSON_NO_INT64 1
 
-#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER <= 1200 // MSVC 6
-// Microsoft Visual Studio 6 only support conversion from __int64 to double
-// (no conversion from unsigned __int64).
-#define JSON_USE_INT64_DOUBLE_CONVERSION 1
-// Disable warning 4786 for VS6 caused by STL (identifier was truncated to '255'
-// characters in the debug information)
-// All projects I've ever seen with VS6 were using this globally (not bothering
-// with pragma push/pop).
-#pragma warning(disable : 4786)
-#endif // if defined(_MSC_VER)  &&  _MSC_VER < 1200 // MSVC 6
-
-#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1500 // MSVC 2008
-/// Indicates that the following function is deprecated.
-#define JSONCPP_DEPRECATED(message) __declspec(deprecated(message))
-#elif defined(__clang__) && defined(__has_feature)
-#if __has_feature(attribute_deprecated_with_message)
-#define JSONCPP_DEPRECATED(message)  __attribute__ ((deprecated(message)))
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) // MSVC
+#  if _MSC_VER <= 1200 // MSVC 6
+    // Microsoft Visual Studio 6 only support conversion from __int64 to double
+    // (no conversion from unsigned __int64).
+#    define JSON_USE_INT64_DOUBLE_CONVERSION 1
+    // Disable warning 4786 for VS6 caused by STL (identifier was truncated to '255'
+    // characters in the debug information)
+    // All projects I've ever seen with VS6 were using this globally (not bothering
+    // with pragma push/pop).
+#    pragma warning(disable : 4786)
+#  endif // MSVC 6
+
+#  if _MSC_VER >= 1500 // MSVC 2008
+    /// Indicates that the following function is deprecated.
+#    define JSONCPP_DEPRECATED(message) __declspec(deprecated(message))
+#  endif
+
+#endif // defined(_MSC_VER)
+
+// In c++11 the override keyword allows you to explicity define that a function
+// is intended to override the base-class version.  This makes the code more
+// managable and fixes a set of common hard-to-find bugs.
+#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
+# define JSONCPP_OVERRIDE override
+# define JSONCPP_NOEXCEPT noexcept
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER > 1600 && _MSC_VER < 1900
+# define JSONCPP_OVERRIDE override
+# define JSONCPP_NOEXCEPT throw()
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1900
+# define JSONCPP_OVERRIDE override
+# define JSONCPP_NOEXCEPT noexcept
+#else
+# define JSONCPP_OVERRIDE
+# define JSONCPP_NOEXCEPT throw()
 #endif
-#elif defined(__GNUC__) &&  (__GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 5))
-#define JSONCPP_DEPRECATED(message)  __attribute__ ((deprecated(message)))
-#elif defined(__GNUC__) &&  (__GNUC__ > 3 || (__GNUC__ == 3 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 1))
-#define JSONCPP_DEPRECATED(message)  __attribute__((__deprecated__))
+
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1600 // MSVC >= 2010
+#define JSON_HAS_RVALUE_REFERENCES 1
+#endif // MSVC >= 2010
+
+#ifdef __clang__
+#if __has_feature(cxx_rvalue_references)
+#define JSON_HAS_RVALUE_REFERENCES 1
+#endif  // has_feature
+
+#elif defined __GNUC__ // not clang (gcc comes later since clang emulates gcc)
+#if defined(__GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__) || (__cplusplus >= 201103L)
+#define JSON_HAS_RVALUE_REFERENCES 1
+#endif  // GXX_EXPERIMENTAL
+
+#endif // __clang__ || __GNUC__
+
+#endif // not defined JSON_HAS_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+
+#ifndef JSON_HAS_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+#define JSON_HAS_RVALUE_REFERENCES 0
 #endif
 
+#ifdef __clang__
+#elif defined __GNUC__ // not clang (gcc comes later since clang emulates gcc)
+#  if (__GNUC__ > 4 || (__GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 5))
+#    define JSONCPP_DEPRECATED(message)  __attribute__ ((deprecated(message)))
+#  elif (__GNUC__ > 3 || (__GNUC__ == 3 && __GNUC_MINOR__ >= 1))
+#    define JSONCPP_DEPRECATED(message)  __attribute__((__deprecated__))
+#  endif  // GNUC version
+#endif // __clang__ || __GNUC__
+
 #if !defined(JSONCPP_DEPRECATED)
 #define JSONCPP_DEPRECATED(message)
 #endif // if !defined(JSONCPP_DEPRECATED)
 
+#if __GNUC__ >= 6
+#  define JSON_USE_INT64_DOUBLE_CONVERSION 1
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(JSON_IS_AMALGAMATION)
+
+# include "version.h"
+
+# if JSONCPP_USING_SECURE_MEMORY
+#  include "allocator.h" //typedef Allocator
+# endif
+
+#endif // if !defined(JSON_IS_AMALGAMATION)
+
 namespace Json {
 typedef int Int;
 typedef unsigned int UInt;
@@ -208,13 +277,26 @@ typedef unsigned int LargestUInt;
 typedef __int64 Int64;
 typedef unsigned __int64 UInt64;
 #else                 // if defined(_MSC_VER) // Other platforms, use long long
-typedef long long int Int64;
-typedef unsigned long long int UInt64;
+typedef int64_t Int64;
+typedef uint64_t UInt64;
 #endif // if defined(_MSC_VER)
 typedef Int64 LargestInt;
 typedef UInt64 LargestUInt;
 #define JSON_HAS_INT64
 #endif // if defined(JSON_NO_INT64)
+#if JSONCPP_USING_SECURE_MEMORY
+#define JSONCPP_STRING        std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, Json::SecureAllocator<char> >
+#define JSONCPP_OSTRINGSTREAM std::basic_ostringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, Json::SecureAllocator<char> >
+#define JSONCPP_OSTREAM       std::basic_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char>>
+#define JSONCPP_ISTRINGSTREAM std::basic_istringstream<char, std::char_traits<char>, Json::SecureAllocator<char> >
+#define JSONCPP_ISTREAM       std::istream
+#else
+#define JSONCPP_STRING        std::string
+#define JSONCPP_OSTRINGSTREAM std::ostringstream
+#define JSONCPP_OSTREAM       std::ostream
+#define JSONCPP_ISTRINGSTREAM std::istringstream
+#define JSONCPP_ISTREAM       std::istream
+#endif // if JSONCPP_USING_SECURE_MEMORY
 } // end namespace Json
 
 #endif // JSON_CONFIG_H_INCLUDED
@@ -295,6 +377,8 @@ class ValueConstIterator;
 #include "forwards.h"
 #endif // if !defined(JSON_IS_AMALGAMATION)
 
+#pragma pack(push, 8)
+
 namespace Json {
 
 /** \brief Configuration passed to reader and writer.
@@ -329,10 +413,18 @@ public:
   /// \c true if root must be either an array or an object value. Default: \c
   /// false.
   bool strictRoot_;
+
+  /// \c true if dropped null placeholders are allowed. Default: \c false.
+  bool allowDroppedNullPlaceholders_;
+
+  /// \c true if numeric object key are allowed. Default: \c false.
+  bool allowNumericKeys_;
 };
 
 } // namespace Json
 
+#pragma pack(pop)
+
 #endif // CPPTL_JSON_FEATURES_H_INCLUDED
 
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -372,15 +464,8 @@ public:
 #include <cpptl/forwards.h>
 #endif
 
-// Disable warning C4251: <data member>: <type> needs to have dll-interface to
-// be used by...
-#if defined(JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING)
-#pragma warning(push)
-#pragma warning(disable : 4251)
-#endif // if defined(JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING)
-
 //Conditional NORETURN attribute on the throw functions would:
-// a) suppress false positives from static code analysis
+// a) suppress false positives from static code analysis 
 // b) possibly improve optimization opportunities.
 #if !defined(JSONCPP_NORETURN)
 #  if defined(_MSC_VER)
@@ -392,6 +477,15 @@ public:
 #  endif
 #endif
 
+// Disable warning C4251: <data member>: <type> needs to have dll-interface to
+// be used by...
+#if defined(JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING)
+#pragma warning(push)
+#pragma warning(disable : 4251)
+#endif // if defined(JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING)
+
+#pragma pack(push, 8)
+
 /** \brief JSON (JavaScript Object Notation).
  */
 namespace Json {
@@ -402,39 +496,39 @@ namespace Json {
  */
 class JSON_API Exception : public std::exception {
 public:
-  Exception(std::string const& msg);
-  virtual ~Exception() throw();
-  virtual char const* what() const throw();
+  Exception(JSONCPP_STRING const& msg);
+  ~Exception() JSONCPP_NOEXCEPT JSONCPP_OVERRIDE;
+  char const* what() const JSONCPP_NOEXCEPT JSONCPP_OVERRIDE;
 protected:
-  std::string const msg_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING msg_;
 };
 
 /** Exceptions which the user cannot easily avoid.
  *
  * E.g. out-of-memory (when we use malloc), stack-overflow, malicious input
- *
+ * 
  * \remark derived from Json::Exception
  */
 class JSON_API RuntimeError : public Exception {
 public:
-  RuntimeError(std::string const& msg);
+  RuntimeError(JSONCPP_STRING const& msg);
 };
 
 /** Exceptions thrown by JSON_ASSERT/JSON_FAIL macros.
  *
  * These are precondition-violations (user bugs) and internal errors (our bugs).
- *
+ * 
  * \remark derived from Json::Exception
  */
 class JSON_API LogicError : public Exception {
 public:
-  LogicError(std::string const& msg);
+  LogicError(JSONCPP_STRING const& msg);
 };
 
 /// used internally
-JSONCPP_NORETURN void throwRuntimeError(std::string const& msg);
+JSONCPP_NORETURN void throwRuntimeError(JSONCPP_STRING const& msg);
 /// used internally
-JSONCPP_NORETURN void throwLogicError(std::string const& msg);
+JSONCPP_NORETURN void throwLogicError(JSONCPP_STRING const& msg);
 
 /** \brief Type of the value held by a Value object.
  */
@@ -525,7 +619,7 @@ private:
 class JSON_API Value {
   friend class ValueIteratorBase;
 public:
-  typedef std::vector<std::string> Members;
+  typedef std::vector<JSONCPP_STRING> Members;
   typedef ValueIterator iterator;
   typedef ValueConstIterator const_iterator;
   typedef Json::UInt UInt;
@@ -538,11 +632,10 @@ public:
   typedef Json::LargestUInt LargestUInt;
   typedef Json::ArrayIndex ArrayIndex;
 
-  static const Value& nullRef;
-#if !defined(__ARMEL__)
-  /// \deprecated This exists for binary compatibility only. Use nullRef.
-  static const Value null;
-#endif
+  static const Value& null;  ///< We regret this reference to a global instance; prefer the simpler Value().
+  static const Value& nullRef;  ///< just a kludge for binary-compatibility; same as null
+  static Value const& nullSingleton(); ///< Prefer this to null or nullRef.
+
   /// Minimum signed integer value that can be stored in a Json::Value.
   static const LargestInt minLargestInt;
   /// Maximum signed integer value that can be stored in a Json::Value.
@@ -578,6 +671,9 @@ private:
     CZString(ArrayIndex index);
     CZString(char const* str, unsigned length, DuplicationPolicy allocate);
     CZString(CZString const& other);
+#if JSON_HAS_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+    CZString(CZString&& other);
+#endif
     ~CZString();
     CZString& operator=(CZString other);
     bool operator<(CZString const& other) const;
@@ -653,18 +749,22 @@ Json::Value obj_value(Json::objectValue); // {}
    * \endcode
    */
   Value(const StaticString& value);
-  Value(const std::string& value); ///< Copy data() til size(). Embedded zeroes too.
+  Value(const JSONCPP_STRING& value); ///< Copy data() til size(). Embedded zeroes too.
 #ifdef JSON_USE_CPPTL
   Value(const CppTL::ConstString& value);
 #endif
   Value(bool value);
   /// Deep copy.
   Value(const Value& other);
+#if JSON_HAS_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+  /// Move constructor
+  Value(Value&& other);
+#endif
   ~Value();
 
   /// Deep copy, then swap(other).
   /// \note Over-write existing comments. To preserve comments, use #swapPayload().
-  Value &operator=(const Value &other);
+  Value& operator=(Value other);
   /// Swap everything.
   void swap(Value& other);
   /// Swap values but leave comments and source offsets in place.
@@ -682,7 +782,10 @@ Json::Value obj_value(Json::objectValue); // {}
   int compare(const Value& other) const;
 
   const char* asCString() const; ///< Embedded zeroes could cause you trouble!
-  std::string asString() const; ///< Embedded zeroes are possible.
+#if JSONCPP_USING_SECURE_MEMORY
+  unsigned getCStringLength() const; //Allows you to understand the length of the CString
+#endif
+  JSONCPP_STRING asString() const; ///< Embedded zeroes are possible.
   /** Get raw char* of string-value.
    *  \return false if !string. (Seg-fault if str or end are NULL.)
    */
@@ -786,11 +889,11 @@ Json::Value obj_value(Json::objectValue); // {}
   const Value& operator[](const char* key) const;
   /// Access an object value by name, create a null member if it does not exist.
   /// \param key may contain embedded nulls.
-  Value& operator[](const std::string& key);
+  Value& operator[](const JSONCPP_STRING& key);
   /// Access an object value by name, returns null if there is no member with
   /// that name.
   /// \param key may contain embedded nulls.
-  const Value& operator[](const std::string& key) const;
+  const Value& operator[](const JSONCPP_STRING& key) const;
   /** \brief Access an object value by name, create a null member if it does not
    exist.
 
@@ -821,7 +924,7 @@ Json::Value obj_value(Json::objectValue); // {}
   /// Return the member named key if it exist, defaultValue otherwise.
   /// \note deep copy
   /// \param key may contain embedded nulls.
-  Value get(const std::string& key, const Value& defaultValue) const;
+  Value get(const JSONCPP_STRING& key, const Value& defaultValue) const;
 #ifdef JSON_USE_CPPTL
   /// Return the member named key if it exist, defaultValue otherwise.
   /// \note deep copy
@@ -846,7 +949,7 @@ Json::Value obj_value(Json::objectValue); // {}
   /// Same as removeMember(const char*)
   /// \param key may contain embedded nulls.
   /// \deprecated
-  Value removeMember(const std::string& key);
+  Value removeMember(const JSONCPP_STRING& key);
   /// Same as removeMember(const char* begin, const char* end, Value* removed),
   /// but 'key' is null-terminated.
   bool removeMember(const char* key, Value* removed);
@@ -856,8 +959,8 @@ Json::Value obj_value(Json::objectValue); // {}
       \param key may contain embedded nulls.
       \return true iff removed (no exceptions)
   */
-  bool removeMember(std::string const& key, Value* removed);
-  /// Same as removeMember(std::string const& key, Value* removed)
+  bool removeMember(JSONCPP_STRING const& key, Value* removed);
+  /// Same as removeMember(JSONCPP_STRING const& key, Value* removed)
   bool removeMember(const char* begin, const char* end, Value* removed);
   /** \brief Remove the indexed array element.
 
@@ -872,8 +975,8 @@ Json::Value obj_value(Json::objectValue); // {}
   bool isMember(const char* key) const;
   /// Return true if the object has a member named key.
   /// \param key may contain embedded nulls.
-  bool isMember(const std::string& key) const;
-  /// Same as isMember(std::string const& key)const
+  bool isMember(const JSONCPP_STRING& key) const;
+  /// Same as isMember(JSONCPP_STRING const& key)const
   bool isMember(const char* begin, const char* end) const;
 #ifdef JSON_USE_CPPTL
   /// Return true if the object has a member named key.
@@ -893,17 +996,17 @@ Json::Value obj_value(Json::objectValue); // {}
   //# endif
 
   /// \deprecated Always pass len.
-  JSONCPP_DEPRECATED("Use setComment(std::string const&) instead.")
+  JSONCPP_DEPRECATED("Use setComment(JSONCPP_STRING const&) instead.")
   void setComment(const char* comment, CommentPlacement placement);
   /// Comments must be //... or /* ... */
   void setComment(const char* comment, size_t len, CommentPlacement placement);
   /// Comments must be //... or /* ... */
-  void setComment(const std::string& comment, CommentPlacement placement);
+  void setComment(const JSONCPP_STRING& comment, CommentPlacement placement);
   bool hasComment(CommentPlacement placement) const;
   /// Include delimiters and embedded newlines.
-  std::string getComment(CommentPlacement placement) const;
+  JSONCPP_STRING getComment(CommentPlacement placement) const;
 
-  std::string toStyledString() const;
+  JSONCPP_STRING toStyledString() const;
 
   const_iterator begin() const;
   const_iterator end() const;
@@ -911,6 +1014,13 @@ Json::Value obj_value(Json::objectValue); // {}
   iterator begin();
   iterator end();
 
+  // Accessors for the [start, limit) range of bytes within the JSON text from
+  // which this value was parsed, if any.
+  void setOffsetStart(ptrdiff_t start);
+  void setOffsetLimit(ptrdiff_t limit);
+  ptrdiff_t getOffsetStart() const;
+  ptrdiff_t getOffsetLimit() const;
+
 private:
   void initBasic(ValueType type, bool allocated = false);
 
@@ -947,6 +1057,11 @@ private:
   unsigned int allocated_ : 1; // Notes: if declared as bool, bitfield is useless.
                                // If not allocated_, string_ must be null-terminated.
   CommentInfo* comments_;
+
+  // [start, limit) byte offsets in the source JSON text from which this Value
+  // was extracted.
+  ptrdiff_t start_;
+  ptrdiff_t limit_;
 };
 
 /** \brief Experimental and untested: represents an element of the "path" to
@@ -959,7 +1074,7 @@ public:
   PathArgument();
   PathArgument(ArrayIndex index);
   PathArgument(const char* key);
-  PathArgument(const std::string& key);
+  PathArgument(const JSONCPP_STRING& key);
 
 private:
   enum Kind {
@@ -967,7 +1082,7 @@ private:
     kindIndex,
     kindKey
   };
-  std::string key_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING key_;
   ArrayIndex index_;
   Kind kind_;
 };
@@ -985,7 +1100,7 @@ private:
  */
 class JSON_API Path {
 public:
-  Path(const std::string& path,
+  Path(const JSONCPP_STRING& path,
        const PathArgument& a1 = PathArgument(),
        const PathArgument& a2 = PathArgument(),
        const PathArgument& a3 = PathArgument(),
@@ -1002,12 +1117,12 @@ private:
   typedef std::vector<const PathArgument*> InArgs;
   typedef std::vector<PathArgument> Args;
 
-  void makePath(const std::string& path, const InArgs& in);
-  void addPathInArg(const std::string& path,
+  void makePath(const JSONCPP_STRING& path, const InArgs& in);
+  void addPathInArg(const JSONCPP_STRING& path,
                     const InArgs& in,
                     InArgs::const_iterator& itInArg,
                     PathArgument::Kind kind);
-  void invalidPath(const std::string& path, int location);
+  void invalidPath(const JSONCPP_STRING& path, int location);
 
   Args args_;
 };
@@ -1040,7 +1155,7 @@ public:
   /// Return the member name of the referenced Value, or "" if it is not an
   /// objectValue.
   /// \note Avoid `c_str()` on result, as embedded zeroes are possible.
-  std::string name() const;
+  JSONCPP_STRING name() const;
 
   /// Return the member name of the referenced Value. "" if it is not an
   /// objectValue.
@@ -1092,6 +1207,7 @@ public:
   typedef ValueConstIterator SelfType;
 
   ValueConstIterator();
+  ValueConstIterator(ValueIterator const& other);
 
 private:
 /*! \internal Use by Value to create an iterator.
@@ -1141,7 +1257,7 @@ public:
   typedef ValueIterator SelfType;
 
   ValueIterator();
-  ValueIterator(const ValueConstIterator& other);
+  explicit ValueIterator(const ValueConstIterator& other);
   ValueIterator(const ValueIterator& other);
 
 private:
@@ -1187,6 +1303,7 @@ template<>
 inline void swap(Json::Value& a, Json::Value& b) { a.swap(b); }
 }
 
+#pragma pack(pop)
 
 #if defined(JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING)
 #pragma warning(pop)
@@ -1232,6 +1349,8 @@ inline void swap(Json::Value& a, Json::Value& b) { a.swap(b); }
 #pragma warning(disable : 4251)
 #endif // if defined(JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING)
 
+#pragma pack(push, 8)
+
 namespace Json {
 
 /** \brief Unserialize a <a HREF="http://www.json.org">JSON</a> document into a
@@ -1244,6 +1363,18 @@ public:
   typedef char Char;
   typedef const Char* Location;
 
+  /** \brief An error tagged with where in the JSON text it was encountered.
+   *
+   * The offsets give the [start, limit) range of bytes within the text. Note
+   * that this is bytes, not codepoints.
+   *
+   */
+  struct StructuredError {
+    ptrdiff_t offset_start;
+    ptrdiff_t offset_limit;
+    JSONCPP_STRING message;
+  };
+
   /** \brief Constructs a Reader allowing all features
    * for parsing.
    */
@@ -1296,7 +1427,7 @@ public:
 
   /// \brief Parse from input stream.
   /// \see Json::operator>>(std::istream&, Json::Value&).
-  bool parse(std::istream& is, Value& root, bool collectComments = true);
+  bool parse(JSONCPP_ISTREAM& is, Value& root, bool collectComments = true);
 
   /** \brief Returns a user friendly string that list errors in the parsed
    * document.
@@ -1308,7 +1439,7 @@ public:
    * \deprecated Use getFormattedErrorMessages() instead (typo fix).
    */
   JSONCPP_DEPRECATED("Use getFormattedErrorMessages() instead.")
-  std::string getFormatedErrorMessages() const;
+  JSONCPP_STRING getFormatedErrorMessages() const;
 
   /** \brief Returns a user friendly string that list errors in the parsed
    * document.
@@ -1318,7 +1449,39 @@ public:
    * occurred
    *         during parsing.
    */
-  std::string getFormattedErrorMessages() const;
+  JSONCPP_STRING getFormattedErrorMessages() const;
+
+  /** \brief Returns a vector of structured erros encounted while parsing.
+   * \return A (possibly empty) vector of StructuredError objects. Currently
+   *         only one error can be returned, but the caller should tolerate
+   * multiple
+   *         errors.  This can occur if the parser recovers from a non-fatal
+   *         parse error and then encounters additional errors.
+   */
+  std::vector<StructuredError> getStructuredErrors() const;
+
+  /** \brief Add a semantic error message.
+   * \param value JSON Value location associated with the error
+   * \param message The error message.
+   * \return \c true if the error was successfully added, \c false if the
+   * Value offset exceeds the document size.
+   */
+  bool pushError(const Value& value, const JSONCPP_STRING& message);
+
+  /** \brief Add a semantic error message with extra context.
+   * \param value JSON Value location associated with the error
+   * \param message The error message.
+   * \param extra Additional JSON Value location to contextualize the error
+   * \return \c true if the error was successfully added, \c false if either
+   * Value offset exceeds the document size.
+   */
+  bool pushError(const Value& value, const JSONCPP_STRING& message, const Value& extra);
+
+  /** \brief Return whether there are any errors.
+   * \return \c true if there are no errors to report \c false if
+   * errors have occurred.
+   */
+  bool good() const;
 
 private:
   enum TokenType {
@@ -1348,7 +1511,7 @@ private:
   class ErrorInfo {
   public:
     Token token_;
-    std::string message_;
+    JSONCPP_STRING message_;
     Location extra_;
   };
 
@@ -1368,7 +1531,7 @@ private:
   bool decodeNumber(Token& token);
   bool decodeNumber(Token& token, Value& decoded);
   bool decodeString(Token& token);
-  bool decodeString(Token& token, std::string& decoded);
+  bool decodeString(Token& token, JSONCPP_STRING& decoded);
   bool decodeDouble(Token& token);
   bool decodeDouble(Token& token, Value& decoded);
   bool decodeUnicodeCodePoint(Token& token,
@@ -1379,9 +1542,9 @@ private:
                                    Location& current,
                                    Location end,
                                    unsigned int& unicode);
-  bool addError(const std::string& message, Token& token, Location extra = 0);
+  bool addError(const JSONCPP_STRING& message, Token& token, Location extra = 0);
   bool recoverFromError(TokenType skipUntilToken);
-  bool addErrorAndRecover(const std::string& message,
+  bool addErrorAndRecover(const JSONCPP_STRING& message,
                           Token& token,
                           TokenType skipUntilToken);
   void skipUntilSpace();
@@ -1389,20 +1552,20 @@ private:
   Char getNextChar();
   void
   getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location, int& line, int& column) const;
-  std::string getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location) const;
+  JSONCPP_STRING getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location) const;
   void addComment(Location begin, Location end, CommentPlacement placement);
   void skipCommentTokens(Token& token);
 
   typedef std::stack<Value*> Nodes;
   Nodes nodes_;
   Errors errors_;
-  std::string document_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING document_;
   Location begin_;
   Location end_;
   Location current_;
   Location lastValueEnd_;
   Value* lastValue_;
-  std::string commentsBefore_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING commentsBefore_;
   Features features_;
   bool collectComments_;
 };  // Reader
@@ -1431,9 +1594,9 @@ public:
    */
   virtual bool parse(
       char const* beginDoc, char const* endDoc,
-      Value* root, std::string* errs) = 0;
+      Value* root, JSONCPP_STRING* errs) = 0;
 
-  class Factory {
+  class JSON_API Factory {
   public:
     virtual ~Factory() {}
     /** \brief Allocate a CharReader via operator new().
@@ -1451,7 +1614,7 @@ Usage:
   CharReaderBuilder builder;
   builder["collectComments"] = false;
   Value value;
-  std::string errs;
+  JSONCPP_STRING errs;
   bool ok = parseFromStream(builder, std::cin, &value, &errs);
 \endcode
 */
@@ -1487,7 +1650,7 @@ public:
     - `"rejectDupKeys": false or true`
       - If true, `parse()` returns false when a key is duplicated within an object.
     - `"allowSpecialFloats": false or true`
-      - If true, special float values (NaNs and infinities) are allowed
+      - If true, special float values (NaNs and infinities) are allowed 
         and their values are lossfree restorable.
 
     You can examine 'settings_` yourself
@@ -1498,9 +1661,9 @@ public:
   Json::Value settings_;
 
   CharReaderBuilder();
-  virtual ~CharReaderBuilder();
+  ~CharReaderBuilder() JSONCPP_OVERRIDE;
 
-  virtual CharReader* newCharReader() const;
+  CharReader* newCharReader() const JSONCPP_OVERRIDE;
 
   /** \return true if 'settings' are legal and consistent;
    *   otherwise, indicate bad settings via 'invalid'.
@@ -1509,7 +1672,7 @@ public:
 
   /** A simple way to update a specific setting.
    */
-  Value& operator[](std::string key);
+  Value& operator[](JSONCPP_STRING key);
 
   /** Called by ctor, but you can use this to reset settings_.
    * \pre 'settings' != NULL (but Json::null is fine)
@@ -1531,7 +1694,7 @@ public:
   */
 bool JSON_API parseFromStream(
     CharReader::Factory const&,
-    std::istream&,
+    JSONCPP_ISTREAM&,
     Value* root, std::string* errs);
 
 /** \brief Read from 'sin' into 'root'.
@@ -1558,10 +1721,12 @@ bool JSON_API parseFromStream(
  \throw std::exception on parse error.
  \see Json::operator<<()
 */
-JSON_API std::istream& operator>>(std::istream&, Value&);
+JSON_API JSONCPP_ISTREAM& operator>>(JSONCPP_ISTREAM&, Value&);
 
 } // namespace Json
 
+#pragma pack(pop)
+
 #if defined(JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING)
 #pragma warning(pop)
 #endif // if defined(JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING)
@@ -1603,6 +1768,8 @@ JSON_API std::istream& operator>>(std::istream&, Value&);
 #pragma warning(disable : 4251)
 #endif // if defined(JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING)
 
+#pragma pack(push, 8)
+
 namespace Json {
 
 class Value;
@@ -1622,7 +1789,7 @@ Usage:
 */
 class JSON_API StreamWriter {
 protected:
-  std::ostream* sout_;  // not owned; will not delete
+  JSONCPP_OSTREAM* sout_;  // not owned; will not delete
 public:
   StreamWriter();
   virtual ~StreamWriter();
@@ -1632,7 +1799,7 @@ public:
       \return zero on success (For now, we always return zero, so check the stream instead.)
       \throw std::exception possibly, depending on configuration
    */
-  virtual int write(Value const& root, std::ostream* sout) = 0;
+  virtual int write(Value const& root, JSONCPP_OSTREAM* sout) = 0;
 
   /** \brief A simple abstract factory.
    */
@@ -1649,7 +1816,7 @@ public:
 /** \brief Write into stringstream, then return string, for convenience.
  * A StreamWriter will be created from the factory, used, and then deleted.
  */
-std::string JSON_API writeString(StreamWriter::Factory const& factory, Value const& root);
+JSONCPP_STRING JSON_API writeString(StreamWriter::Factory const& factory, Value const& root);
 
 
 /** \brief Build a StreamWriter implementation.
@@ -1695,12 +1862,12 @@ public:
   Json::Value settings_;
 
   StreamWriterBuilder();
-  virtual ~StreamWriterBuilder();
+  ~StreamWriterBuilder() JSONCPP_OVERRIDE;
 
   /**
    * \throw std::exception if something goes wrong (e.g. invalid settings)
    */
-  virtual StreamWriter* newStreamWriter() const;
+  StreamWriter* newStreamWriter() const JSONCPP_OVERRIDE;
 
   /** \return true if 'settings' are legal and consistent;
    *   otherwise, indicate bad settings via 'invalid'.
@@ -1708,7 +1875,7 @@ public:
   bool validate(Json::Value* invalid) const;
   /** A simple way to update a specific setting.
    */
-  Value& operator[](std::string key);
+  Value& operator[](JSONCPP_STRING key);
 
   /** Called by ctor, but you can use this to reset settings_.
    * \pre 'settings' != NULL (but Json::null is fine)
@@ -1725,7 +1892,7 @@ class JSON_API Writer {
 public:
   virtual ~Writer();
 
-  virtual std::string write(const Value& root) = 0;
+  virtual JSONCPP_STRING write(const Value& root) = 0;
 };
 
 /** \brief Outputs a Value in <a HREF="http://www.json.org">JSON</a> format
@@ -1741,18 +1908,29 @@ class JSON_API FastWriter : public Writer {
 
 public:
   FastWriter();
-  virtual ~FastWriter() {}
+  ~FastWriter() JSONCPP_OVERRIDE {}
 
   void enableYAMLCompatibility();
 
+  /** \brief Drop the "null" string from the writer's output for nullValues.
+   * Strictly speaking, this is not valid JSON. But when the output is being
+   * fed to a browser's Javascript, it makes for smaller output and the
+   * browser can handle the output just fine.
+   */
+  void dropNullPlaceholders();
+
+  void omitEndingLineFeed();
+
 public: // overridden from Writer
-  virtual std::string write(const Value& root);
+  JSONCPP_STRING write(const Value& root) JSONCPP_OVERRIDE;
 
 private:
   void writeValue(const Value& value);
 
-  std::string document_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING document_;
   bool yamlCompatiblityEnabled_;
+  bool dropNullPlaceholders_;
+  bool omitEndingLineFeed_;
 };
 
 /** \brief Writes a Value in <a HREF="http://www.json.org">JSON</a> format in a
@@ -1782,36 +1960,36 @@ private:
 class JSON_API StyledWriter : public Writer {
 public:
   StyledWriter();
-  virtual ~StyledWriter() {}
+  ~StyledWriter() JSONCPP_OVERRIDE {}
 
 public: // overridden from Writer
   /** \brief Serialize a Value in <a HREF="http://www.json.org">JSON</a> format.
    * \param root Value to serialize.
    * \return String containing the JSON document that represents the root value.
    */
-  virtual std::string write(const Value& root);
+  JSONCPP_STRING write(const Value& root) JSONCPP_OVERRIDE;
 
 private:
   void writeValue(const Value& value);
   void writeArrayValue(const Value& value);
   bool isMultineArray(const Value& value);
-  void pushValue(const std::string& value);
+  void pushValue(const JSONCPP_STRING& value);
   void writeIndent();
-  void writeWithIndent(const std::string& value);
+  void writeWithIndent(const JSONCPP_STRING& value);
   void indent();
   void unindent();
   void writeCommentBeforeValue(const Value& root);
   void writeCommentAfterValueOnSameLine(const Value& root);
   bool hasCommentForValue(const Value& value);
-  static std::string normalizeEOL(const std::string& text);
+  static JSONCPP_STRING normalizeEOL(const JSONCPP_STRING& text);
 
-  typedef std::vector<std::string> ChildValues;
+  typedef std::vector<JSONCPP_STRING> ChildValues;
 
   ChildValues childValues_;
-  std::string document_;
-  std::string indentString_;
-  int rightMargin_;
-  int indentSize_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING document_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING indentString_;
+  unsigned int rightMargin_;
+  unsigned int indentSize_;
   bool addChildValues_;
 };
 
@@ -1843,7 +2021,7 @@ private:
  */
 class JSON_API StyledStreamWriter {
 public:
-  StyledStreamWriter(std::string indentation = "\t");
+  StyledStreamWriter(JSONCPP_STRING indentation = "\t");
   ~StyledStreamWriter() {}
 
 public:
@@ -1853,49 +2031,51 @@ public:
    * \note There is no point in deriving from Writer, since write() should not
    * return a value.
    */
-  void write(std::ostream& out, const Value& root);
+  void write(JSONCPP_OSTREAM& out, const Value& root);
 
 private:
   void writeValue(const Value& value);
   void writeArrayValue(const Value& value);
   bool isMultineArray(const Value& value);
-  void pushValue(const std::string& value);
+  void pushValue(const JSONCPP_STRING& value);
   void writeIndent();
-  void writeWithIndent(const std::string& value);
+  void writeWithIndent(const JSONCPP_STRING& value);
   void indent();
   void unindent();
   void writeCommentBeforeValue(const Value& root);
   void writeCommentAfterValueOnSameLine(const Value& root);
   bool hasCommentForValue(const Value& value);
-  static std::string normalizeEOL(const std::string& text);
+  static JSONCPP_STRING normalizeEOL(const JSONCPP_STRING& text);
 
-  typedef std::vector<std::string> ChildValues;
+  typedef std::vector<JSONCPP_STRING> ChildValues;
 
   ChildValues childValues_;
-  std::ostream* document_;
-  std::string indentString_;
-  int rightMargin_;
-  std::string indentation_;
+  JSONCPP_OSTREAM* document_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING indentString_;
+  unsigned int rightMargin_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING indentation_;
   bool addChildValues_ : 1;
   bool indented_ : 1;
 };
 
 #if defined(JSON_HAS_INT64)
-std::string JSON_API valueToString(Int value);
-std::string JSON_API valueToString(UInt value);
+JSONCPP_STRING JSON_API valueToString(Int value);
+JSONCPP_STRING JSON_API valueToString(UInt value);
 #endif // if defined(JSON_HAS_INT64)
-std::string JSON_API valueToString(LargestInt value);
-std::string JSON_API valueToString(LargestUInt value);
-std::string JSON_API valueToString(double value);
-std::string JSON_API valueToString(bool value);
-std::string JSON_API valueToQuotedString(const char* value);
+JSONCPP_STRING JSON_API valueToString(LargestInt value);
+JSONCPP_STRING JSON_API valueToString(LargestUInt value);
+JSONCPP_STRING JSON_API valueToString(double value);
+JSONCPP_STRING JSON_API valueToString(bool value);
+JSONCPP_STRING JSON_API valueToQuotedString(const char* value);
 
 /// \brief Output using the StyledStreamWriter.
 /// \see Json::operator>>()
-JSON_API std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const Value& root);
+JSON_API JSONCPP_OSTREAM& operator<<(JSONCPP_OSTREAM&, const Value& root);
 
 } // namespace Json
 
+#pragma pack(pop)
+
 #if defined(JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING)
 #pragma warning(pop)
 #endif // if defined(JSONCPP_DISABLE_DLL_INTERFACE_WARNING)
@@ -1942,7 +2122,7 @@ JSON_API std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const Value& root);
 
 # define JSON_FAIL_MESSAGE(message)                                            \
   {                                                                            \
-    std::ostringstream oss; oss << message;                                    \
+    JSONCPP_OSTRINGSTREAM oss; oss << message;                                    \
     Json::throwLogicError(oss.str());                                          \
     abort();                                                                   \
   }
@@ -1955,7 +2135,7 @@ JSON_API std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const Value& root);
 // release builds we abort, for a core-dump or debugger.
 # define JSON_FAIL_MESSAGE(message)                                            \
   {                                                                            \
-    std::ostringstream oss; oss << message;                                    \
+    JSONCPP_OSTRINGSTREAM oss; oss << message;                                    \
     assert(false && oss.str().c_str());                                        \
     abort();                                                                   \
   }
diff --git a/lib/jsoncpp/jsoncpp.cpp b/lib/jsoncpp/jsoncpp.cpp
index 618191612..c373405f0 100644
--- a/lib/jsoncpp/jsoncpp.cpp
+++ b/lib/jsoncpp/jsoncpp.cpp
@@ -6,28 +6,28 @@
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 /*
-The JsonCpp library's source code, including accompanying documentation,
+The JsonCpp library's source code, including accompanying documentation, 
 tests and demonstration applications, are licensed under the following
 conditions...
 
-The author (Baptiste Lepilleur) explicitly disclaims copyright in all
-jurisdictions which recognize such a disclaimer. In such jurisdictions,
+The author (Baptiste Lepilleur) explicitly disclaims copyright in all 
+jurisdictions which recognize such a disclaimer. In such jurisdictions, 
 this software is released into the Public Domain.
 
 In jurisdictions which do not recognize Public Domain property (e.g. Germany as of
 2010), this software is Copyright (c) 2007-2010 by Baptiste Lepilleur, and is
 released under the terms of the MIT License (see below).
 
-In jurisdictions which recognize Public Domain property, the user of this
-software may choose to accept it either as 1) Public Domain, 2) under the
-conditions of the MIT License (see below), or 3) under the terms of dual
+In jurisdictions which recognize Public Domain property, the user of this 
+software may choose to accept it either as 1) Public Domain, 2) under the 
+conditions of the MIT License (see below), or 3) under the terms of dual 
 Public Domain/MIT License conditions described here, as they choose.
 
 The MIT License is about as close to Public Domain as a license can get, and is
 described in clear, concise terms at:
 
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIT_License
-
+   
 The full text of the MIT License follows:
 
 ========================================================================
@@ -92,6 +92,16 @@ license you like.
 #ifndef LIB_JSONCPP_JSON_TOOL_H_INCLUDED
 #define LIB_JSONCPP_JSON_TOOL_H_INCLUDED
 
+
+// Also support old flag NO_LOCALE_SUPPORT
+#ifdef NO_LOCALE_SUPPORT
+#define JSONCPP_NO_LOCALE_SUPPORT
+#endif
+
+#ifndef JSONCPP_NO_LOCALE_SUPPORT
+#include <clocale>
+#endif
+
 /* This header provides common string manipulation support, such as UTF-8,
  * portable conversion from/to string...
  *
@@ -99,10 +109,18 @@ license you like.
  */
 
 namespace Json {
+static char getDecimalPoint() {
+#ifdef JSONCPP_NO_LOCALE_SUPPORT
+  return '\0';
+#else
+  struct lconv* lc = localeconv();
+  return lc ? *(lc->decimal_point) : '\0';
+#endif
+}
 
 /// Converts a unicode code-point to UTF-8.
-static inline std::string codePointToUTF8(unsigned int cp) {
-  std::string result;
+static inline JSONCPP_STRING codePointToUTF8(unsigned int cp) {
+  JSONCPP_STRING result;
 
   // based on description from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8
 
@@ -149,7 +167,7 @@ typedef char UIntToStringBuffer[uintToStringBufferSize];
 static inline void uintToString(LargestUInt value, char*& current) {
   *--current = 0;
   do {
-    *--current = static_cast<signed char>(value % 10U + static_cast<unsigned>('0'));
+    *--current = static_cast<char>(value % 10U + static_cast<unsigned>('0'));
     value /= 10;
   } while (value != 0);
 }
@@ -168,6 +186,18 @@ static inline void fixNumericLocale(char* begin, char* end) {
   }
 }
 
+static inline void fixNumericLocaleInput(char* begin, char* end) {
+  char decimalPoint = getDecimalPoint();
+  if (decimalPoint != '\0' && decimalPoint != '.') {
+    while (begin < end) {
+      if (*begin == '.') {
+        *begin = decimalPoint;
+      }
+      ++begin;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
 } // namespace Json {
 
 #endif // LIB_JSONCPP_JSON_TOOL_H_INCLUDED
@@ -186,6 +216,7 @@ static inline void fixNumericLocale(char* begin, char* end) {
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 // Copyright 2007-2011 Baptiste Lepilleur
+// Copyright (C) 2016 InfoTeCS JSC. All rights reserved.
 // Distributed under MIT license, or public domain if desired and
 // recognized in your jurisdiction.
 // See file LICENSE for detail or copy at http://jsoncpp.sourceforge.net/LICENSE
@@ -207,43 +238,60 @@ static inline void fixNumericLocale(char* begin, char* end) {
 #include <limits>
 
 #if defined(_MSC_VER)
-#if !defined(WINCE) && defined(__STDC_SECURE_LIB__) && _MSC_VER >= 1500 // VC++ 9.0 and above
+#if !defined(WINCE) && defined(__STDC_SECURE_LIB__) && _MSC_VER >= 1500 // VC++ 9.0 and above 
 #define snprintf sprintf_s
 #elif _MSC_VER >= 1900 // VC++ 14.0 and above
 #define snprintf std::snprintf
 #else
 #define snprintf _snprintf
 #endif
-#elif defined(__ANDROID__)
+#elif defined(__ANDROID__) || defined(__QNXNTO__)
 #define snprintf snprintf
 #elif __cplusplus >= 201103L
+#if !defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
 #define snprintf std::snprintf
 #endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__QNXNTO__)
+#define sscanf std::sscanf
+#endif
 
 #if defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1400 // VC++ 8.0
 // Disable warning about strdup being deprecated.
 #pragma warning(disable : 4996)
 #endif
 
-static int const stackLimit_g = 1000;
-static int       stackDepth_g = 0;  // see readValue()
+// Define JSONCPP_DEPRECATED_STACK_LIMIT as an appropriate integer at compile time to change the stack limit
+#if !defined(JSONCPP_DEPRECATED_STACK_LIMIT)
+#define JSONCPP_DEPRECATED_STACK_LIMIT 1000
+#endif
+
+static size_t const stackLimit_g = JSONCPP_DEPRECATED_STACK_LIMIT; // see readValue()
 
 namespace Json {
 
-typedef std::auto_ptr<CharReader>          CharReaderPtr;
+#if __cplusplus >= 201103L || (defined(_CPPLIB_VER) && _CPPLIB_VER >= 520)
+typedef std::unique_ptr<CharReader> CharReaderPtr;
+#else
+typedef std::auto_ptr<CharReader>   CharReaderPtr;
+#endif
 
 // Implementation of class Features
 // ////////////////////////////////
 
 Features::Features()
-    : allowComments_(true), strictRoot_(false)
-{}
+    : allowComments_(true), strictRoot_(false),
+      allowDroppedNullPlaceholders_(false), allowNumericKeys_(false) {}
+
 Features Features::all() { return Features(); }
 
 Features Features::strictMode() {
   Features features;
   features.allowComments_ = false;
   features.strictRoot_ = true;
+  features.allowDroppedNullPlaceholders_ = false;
+  features.allowNumericKeys_ = false;
   return features;
 }
 
@@ -272,7 +320,8 @@ Reader::Reader(const Features& features)
 
 bool
 Reader::parse(const std::string& document, Value& root, bool collectComments) {
-  document_ = document;
+  JSONCPP_STRING documentCopy(document.data(), document.data() + document.capacity());
+  std::swap(documentCopy, document_);
   const char* begin = document_.c_str();
   const char* end = begin + document_.length();
   return parse(begin, end, root, collectComments);
@@ -284,11 +333,11 @@ bool Reader::parse(std::istream& sin, Value& root, bool collectComments) {
   // Those would allow streamed input from a file, if parse() were a
   // template function.
 
-  // Since std::string is reference-counted, this at least does not
+  // Since JSONCPP_STRING is reference-counted, this at least does not
   // create an extra copy.
-  std::string doc;
+  JSONCPP_STRING doc;
   std::getline(sin, doc, (char)EOF);
-  return parse(doc, root, collectComments);
+  return parse(doc.data(), doc.data() + doc.size(), root, collectComments);
 }
 
 bool Reader::parse(const char* beginDoc,
@@ -311,7 +360,6 @@ bool Reader::parse(const char* beginDoc,
     nodes_.pop();
   nodes_.push(&root);
 
-  stackDepth_g = 0;  // Yes, this is bad coding, but options are limited.
   bool successful = readValue();
   Token token;
   skipCommentTokens(token);
@@ -334,12 +382,10 @@ bool Reader::parse(const char* beginDoc,
 }
 
 bool Reader::readValue() {
-  // This is a non-reentrant way to support a stackLimit. Terrible!
-  // But this deprecated class has a security problem: Bad input can
-  // cause a seg-fault. This seems like a fair, binary-compatible way
-  // to prevent the problem.
-  if (stackDepth_g >= stackLimit_g) throwRuntimeError("Exceeded stackLimit in readValue().");
-  ++stackDepth_g;
+  // readValue() may call itself only if it calls readObject() or ReadArray().
+  // These methods execute nodes_.push() just before and nodes_.pop)() just after calling readValue(). 
+  // parse() executes one nodes_.push(), so > instead of >=.
+  if (nodes_.size() > stackLimit_g) throwRuntimeError("Exceeded stackLimit in readValue().");
 
   Token token;
   skipCommentTokens(token);
@@ -353,9 +399,11 @@ bool Reader::readValue() {
   switch (token.type_) {
   case tokenObjectBegin:
     successful = readObject(token);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(current_ - begin_);
     break;
   case tokenArrayBegin:
     successful = readArray(token);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(current_ - begin_);
     break;
   case tokenNumber:
     successful = decodeNumber(token);
@@ -367,22 +415,42 @@ bool Reader::readValue() {
     {
     Value v(true);
     currentValue().swapPayload(v);
+    currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
     }
     break;
   case tokenFalse:
     {
     Value v(false);
     currentValue().swapPayload(v);
+    currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
     }
     break;
   case tokenNull:
     {
     Value v;
     currentValue().swapPayload(v);
+    currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
     }
     break;
-  // Else, fall through...
+  case tokenArraySeparator:
+  case tokenObjectEnd:
+  case tokenArrayEnd:
+    if (features_.allowDroppedNullPlaceholders_) {
+      // "Un-read" the current token and mark the current value as a null
+      // token.
+      current_--;
+      Value v;
+      currentValue().swapPayload(v);
+      currentValue().setOffsetStart(current_ - begin_ - 1);
+      currentValue().setOffsetLimit(current_ - begin_);
+      break;
+    } // Else, fall through...
   default:
+    currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
     return addError("Syntax error: value, object or array expected.", token);
   }
 
@@ -391,7 +459,6 @@ bool Reader::readValue() {
     lastValue_ = &currentValue();
   }
 
-  --stackDepth_g;
   return successful;
 }
 
@@ -520,9 +587,9 @@ bool Reader::readComment() {
   return true;
 }
 
-static std::string normalizeEOL(Reader::Location begin, Reader::Location end) {
-  std::string normalized;
-  normalized.reserve(end - begin);
+static JSONCPP_STRING normalizeEOL(Reader::Location begin, Reader::Location end) {
+  JSONCPP_STRING normalized;
+  normalized.reserve(static_cast<size_t>(end - begin));
   Reader::Location current = begin;
   while (current != end) {
     char c = *current++;
@@ -542,7 +609,7 @@ static std::string normalizeEOL(Reader::Location begin, Reader::Location end) {
 void
 Reader::addComment(Location begin, Location end, CommentPlacement placement) {
   assert(collectComments_);
-  const std::string& normalized = normalizeEOL(begin, end);
+  const JSONCPP_STRING& normalized = normalizeEOL(begin, end);
   if (placement == commentAfterOnSameLine) {
     assert(lastValue_ != 0);
     lastValue_->setComment(normalized, placement);
@@ -552,7 +619,7 @@ Reader::addComment(Location begin, Location end, CommentPlacement placement) {
 }
 
 bool Reader::readCStyleComment() {
-  while (current_ != end_) {
+  while ((current_ + 1) < end_) {
     Char c = getNextChar();
     if (c == '*' && *current_ == '/')
       break;
@@ -581,25 +648,25 @@ void Reader::readNumber() {
   char c = '0'; // stopgap for already consumed character
   // integral part
   while (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
-    c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : 0;
+    c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : '\0';
   // fractional part
   if (c == '.') {
-    c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : 0;
+    c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : '\0';
     while (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
-      c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : 0;
+      c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : '\0';
   }
   // exponential part
   if (c == 'e' || c == 'E') {
-    c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : 0;
+    c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : '\0';
     if (c == '+' || c == '-')
-      c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : 0;
+      c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : '\0';
     while (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
-      c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : 0;
+      c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : '\0';
   }
 }
 
 bool Reader::readString() {
-  Char c = 0;
+  Char c = '\0';
   while (current_ != end_) {
     c = getNextChar();
     if (c == '\\')
@@ -610,11 +677,12 @@ bool Reader::readString() {
   return c == '"';
 }
 
-bool Reader::readObject(Token& /*tokenStart*/) {
+bool Reader::readObject(Token& tokenStart) {
   Token tokenName;
-  std::string name;
+  JSONCPP_STRING name;
   Value init(objectValue);
   currentValue().swapPayload(init);
+  currentValue().setOffsetStart(tokenStart.start_ - begin_);
   while (readToken(tokenName)) {
     bool initialTokenOk = true;
     while (tokenName.type_ == tokenComment && initialTokenOk)
@@ -627,6 +695,11 @@ bool Reader::readObject(Token& /*tokenStart*/) {
     if (tokenName.type_ == tokenString) {
       if (!decodeString(tokenName, name))
         return recoverFromError(tokenObjectEnd);
+    } else if (tokenName.type_ == tokenNumber && features_.allowNumericKeys_) {
+      Value numberName;
+      if (!decodeNumber(tokenName, numberName))
+        return recoverFromError(tokenObjectEnd);
+      name = JSONCPP_STRING(numberName.asCString());
     } else {
       break;
     }
@@ -660,11 +733,12 @@ bool Reader::readObject(Token& /*tokenStart*/) {
       "Missing '}' or object member name", tokenName, tokenObjectEnd);
 }
 
-bool Reader::readArray(Token& /*tokenStart*/) {
+bool Reader::readArray(Token& tokenStart) {
   Value init(arrayValue);
   currentValue().swapPayload(init);
+  currentValue().setOffsetStart(tokenStart.start_ - begin_);
   skipSpaces();
-  if (*current_ == ']') // empty array
+  if (current_ != end_ && *current_ == ']') // empty array
   {
     Token endArray;
     readToken(endArray);
@@ -702,6 +776,8 @@ bool Reader::decodeNumber(Token& token) {
   if (!decodeNumber(token, decoded))
     return false;
   currentValue().swapPayload(decoded);
+  currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+  currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
   return true;
 }
 
@@ -723,7 +799,7 @@ bool Reader::decodeNumber(Token& token, Value& decoded) {
     Char c = *current++;
     if (c < '0' || c > '9')
       return decodeDouble(token, decoded);
-    Value::UInt digit(c - '0');
+    Value::UInt digit(static_cast<Value::UInt>(c - '0'));
     if (value >= threshold) {
       // We've hit or exceeded the max value divided by 10 (rounded down). If
       // a) we've only just touched the limit, b) this is the last digit, and
@@ -752,15 +828,17 @@ bool Reader::decodeDouble(Token& token) {
   if (!decodeDouble(token, decoded))
     return false;
   currentValue().swapPayload(decoded);
+  currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+  currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
   return true;
 }
 
 bool Reader::decodeDouble(Token& token, Value& decoded) {
   double value = 0;
-  std::string buffer(token.start_, token.end_);
-  std::istringstream is(buffer);
+  JSONCPP_STRING buffer(token.start_, token.end_);
+  JSONCPP_ISTRINGSTREAM is(buffer);
   if (!(is >> value))
-    return addError("'" + std::string(token.start_, token.end_) +
+    return addError("'" + JSONCPP_STRING(token.start_, token.end_) +
                         "' is not a number.",
                     token);
   decoded = value;
@@ -768,16 +846,18 @@ bool Reader::decodeDouble(Token& token, Value& decoded) {
 }
 
 bool Reader::decodeString(Token& token) {
-  std::string decoded_string;
+  JSONCPP_STRING decoded_string;
   if (!decodeString(token, decoded_string))
     return false;
   Value decoded(decoded_string);
   currentValue().swapPayload(decoded);
+  currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+  currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
   return true;
 }
 
-bool Reader::decodeString(Token& token, std::string& decoded) {
-  decoded.reserve(token.end_ - token.start_ - 2);
+bool Reader::decodeString(Token& token, JSONCPP_STRING& decoded) {
+  decoded.reserve(static_cast<size_t>(token.end_ - token.start_ - 2));
   Location current = token.start_ + 1; // skip '"'
   Location end = token.end_ - 1;       // do not include '"'
   while (current != end) {
@@ -861,13 +941,13 @@ bool Reader::decodeUnicodeCodePoint(Token& token,
 bool Reader::decodeUnicodeEscapeSequence(Token& token,
                                          Location& current,
                                          Location end,
-                                         unsigned int& unicode) {
+                                         unsigned int& ret_unicode) {
   if (end - current < 4)
     return addError(
         "Bad unicode escape sequence in string: four digits expected.",
         token,
         current);
-  unicode = 0;
+  int unicode = 0;
   for (int index = 0; index < 4; ++index) {
     Char c = *current++;
     unicode *= 16;
@@ -883,11 +963,12 @@ bool Reader::decodeUnicodeEscapeSequence(Token& token,
           token,
           current);
   }
+  ret_unicode = static_cast<unsigned int>(unicode);
   return true;
 }
 
 bool
-Reader::addError(const std::string& message, Token& token, Location extra) {
+Reader::addError(const JSONCPP_STRING& message, Token& token, Location extra) {
   ErrorInfo info;
   info.token_ = token;
   info.message_ = message;
@@ -897,7 +978,7 @@ Reader::addError(const std::string& message, Token& token, Location extra) {
 }
 
 bool Reader::recoverFromError(TokenType skipUntilToken) {
-  int errorCount = int(errors_.size());
+  size_t const errorCount = errors_.size();
   Token skip;
   for (;;) {
     if (!readToken(skip))
@@ -909,7 +990,7 @@ bool Reader::recoverFromError(TokenType skipUntilToken) {
   return false;
 }
 
-bool Reader::addErrorAndRecover(const std::string& message,
+bool Reader::addErrorAndRecover(const JSONCPP_STRING& message,
                                 Token& token,
                                 TokenType skipUntilToken) {
   addError(message, token);
@@ -947,7 +1028,7 @@ void Reader::getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location,
   ++line;
 }
 
-std::string Reader::getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location) const {
+JSONCPP_STRING Reader::getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location) const {
   int line, column;
   getLocationLineAndColumn(location, line, column);
   char buffer[18 + 16 + 16 + 1];
@@ -956,12 +1037,12 @@ std::string Reader::getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location) const {
 }
 
 // Deprecated. Preserved for backward compatibility
-std::string Reader::getFormatedErrorMessages() const {
+JSONCPP_STRING Reader::getFormatedErrorMessages() const {
   return getFormattedErrorMessages();
 }
 
-std::string Reader::getFormattedErrorMessages() const {
-  std::string formattedMessage;
+JSONCPP_STRING Reader::getFormattedErrorMessages() const {
+  JSONCPP_STRING formattedMessage;
   for (Errors::const_iterator itError = errors_.begin();
        itError != errors_.end();
        ++itError) {
@@ -976,14 +1057,64 @@ std::string Reader::getFormattedErrorMessages() const {
   return formattedMessage;
 }
 
-// Reader
-/////////////////////////
+std::vector<Reader::StructuredError> Reader::getStructuredErrors() const {
+  std::vector<Reader::StructuredError> allErrors;
+  for (Errors::const_iterator itError = errors_.begin();
+       itError != errors_.end();
+       ++itError) {
+    const ErrorInfo& error = *itError;
+    Reader::StructuredError structured;
+    structured.offset_start = error.token_.start_ - begin_;
+    structured.offset_limit = error.token_.end_ - begin_;
+    structured.message = error.message_;
+    allErrors.push_back(structured);
+  }
+  return allErrors;
+}
+
+bool Reader::pushError(const Value& value, const JSONCPP_STRING& message) {
+  ptrdiff_t const length = end_ - begin_;
+  if(value.getOffsetStart() > length
+    || value.getOffsetLimit() > length)
+    return false;
+  Token token;
+  token.type_ = tokenError;
+  token.start_ = begin_ + value.getOffsetStart();
+  token.end_ = end_ + value.getOffsetLimit();
+  ErrorInfo info;
+  info.token_ = token;
+  info.message_ = message;
+  info.extra_ = 0;
+  errors_.push_back(info);
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool Reader::pushError(const Value& value, const JSONCPP_STRING& message, const Value& extra) {
+  ptrdiff_t const length = end_ - begin_;
+  if(value.getOffsetStart() > length
+    || value.getOffsetLimit() > length
+    || extra.getOffsetLimit() > length)
+    return false;
+  Token token;
+  token.type_ = tokenError;
+  token.start_ = begin_ + value.getOffsetStart();
+  token.end_ = begin_ + value.getOffsetLimit();
+  ErrorInfo info;
+  info.token_ = token;
+  info.message_ = message;
+  info.extra_ = begin_ + extra.getOffsetStart();
+  errors_.push_back(info);
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool Reader::good() const {
+  return !errors_.size();
+}
 
 // exact copy of Features
 class OurFeatures {
 public:
   static OurFeatures all();
-  OurFeatures();
   bool allowComments_;
   bool strictRoot_;
   bool allowDroppedNullPlaceholders_;
@@ -998,15 +1129,6 @@ public:
 // exact copy of Implementation of class Features
 // ////////////////////////////////
 
-OurFeatures::OurFeatures()
-    : allowComments_(true), strictRoot_(false)
-    , allowDroppedNullPlaceholders_(false), allowNumericKeys_(false)
-    , allowSingleQuotes_(false)
-    , failIfExtra_(false)
-    , allowSpecialFloats_(false)
-{
-}
-
 OurFeatures OurFeatures::all() { return OurFeatures(); }
 
 // Implementation of class Reader
@@ -1018,9 +1140,9 @@ public:
   typedef char Char;
   typedef const Char* Location;
   struct StructuredError {
-    size_t offset_start;
-    size_t offset_limit;
-    std::string message;
+    ptrdiff_t offset_start;
+    ptrdiff_t offset_limit;
+    JSONCPP_STRING message;
   };
 
   OurReader(OurFeatures const& features);
@@ -1028,7 +1150,11 @@ public:
              const char* endDoc,
              Value& root,
              bool collectComments = true);
-  std::string getFormattedErrorMessages() const;
+  JSONCPP_STRING getFormattedErrorMessages() const;
+  std::vector<StructuredError> getStructuredErrors() const;
+  bool pushError(const Value& value, const JSONCPP_STRING& message);
+  bool pushError(const Value& value, const JSONCPP_STRING& message, const Value& extra);
+  bool good() const;
 
 private:
   OurReader(OurReader const&);  // no impl
@@ -1064,7 +1190,7 @@ private:
   class ErrorInfo {
   public:
     Token token_;
-    std::string message_;
+    JSONCPP_STRING message_;
     Location extra_;
   };
 
@@ -1085,7 +1211,7 @@ private:
   bool decodeNumber(Token& token);
   bool decodeNumber(Token& token, Value& decoded);
   bool decodeString(Token& token);
-  bool decodeString(Token& token, std::string& decoded);
+  bool decodeString(Token& token, JSONCPP_STRING& decoded);
   bool decodeDouble(Token& token);
   bool decodeDouble(Token& token, Value& decoded);
   bool decodeUnicodeCodePoint(Token& token,
@@ -1096,9 +1222,9 @@ private:
                                    Location& current,
                                    Location end,
                                    unsigned int& unicode);
-  bool addError(const std::string& message, Token& token, Location extra = 0);
+  bool addError(const JSONCPP_STRING& message, Token& token, Location extra = 0);
   bool recoverFromError(TokenType skipUntilToken);
-  bool addErrorAndRecover(const std::string& message,
+  bool addErrorAndRecover(const JSONCPP_STRING& message,
                           Token& token,
                           TokenType skipUntilToken);
   void skipUntilSpace();
@@ -1106,21 +1232,20 @@ private:
   Char getNextChar();
   void
   getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location, int& line, int& column) const;
-  std::string getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location) const;
+  JSONCPP_STRING getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location) const;
   void addComment(Location begin, Location end, CommentPlacement placement);
   void skipCommentTokens(Token& token);
 
   typedef std::stack<Value*> Nodes;
   Nodes nodes_;
   Errors errors_;
-  std::string document_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING document_;
   Location begin_;
   Location end_;
   Location current_;
   Location lastValueEnd_;
   Value* lastValue_;
-  std::string commentsBefore_;
-  int stackDepth_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING commentsBefore_;
 
   OurFeatures const features_;
   bool collectComments_;
@@ -1130,7 +1255,8 @@ private:
 
 OurReader::OurReader(OurFeatures const& features)
     : errors_(), document_(), begin_(), end_(), current_(), lastValueEnd_(),
-      lastValue_(), commentsBefore_(), features_(features), collectComments_() {
+      lastValue_(), commentsBefore_(),
+      features_(features), collectComments_() {
 }
 
 bool OurReader::parse(const char* beginDoc,
@@ -1153,12 +1279,11 @@ bool OurReader::parse(const char* beginDoc,
     nodes_.pop();
   nodes_.push(&root);
 
-  stackDepth_ = 0;
   bool successful = readValue();
   Token token;
   skipCommentTokens(token);
   if (features_.failIfExtra_) {
-    if (token.type_ != tokenError && token.type_ != tokenEndOfStream) {
+    if ((features_.strictRoot_ || token.type_ != tokenError) && token.type_ != tokenEndOfStream) {
       addError("Extra non-whitespace after JSON value.", token);
       return false;
     }
@@ -1182,8 +1307,8 @@ bool OurReader::parse(const char* beginDoc,
 }
 
 bool OurReader::readValue() {
-  if (stackDepth_ >= features_.stackLimit_) throwRuntimeError("Exceeded stackLimit in readValue().");
-  ++stackDepth_;
+  //  To preserve the old behaviour we cast size_t to int.
+  if (static_cast<int>(nodes_.size()) > features_.stackLimit_) throwRuntimeError("Exceeded stackLimit in readValue().");
   Token token;
   skipCommentTokens(token);
   bool successful = true;
@@ -1196,9 +1321,11 @@ bool OurReader::readValue() {
   switch (token.type_) {
   case tokenObjectBegin:
     successful = readObject(token);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(current_ - begin_);
     break;
   case tokenArrayBegin:
     successful = readArray(token);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(current_ - begin_);
     break;
   case tokenNumber:
     successful = decodeNumber(token);
@@ -1210,36 +1337,48 @@ bool OurReader::readValue() {
     {
     Value v(true);
     currentValue().swapPayload(v);
+    currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
     }
     break;
   case tokenFalse:
     {
     Value v(false);
     currentValue().swapPayload(v);
+    currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
     }
     break;
   case tokenNull:
     {
     Value v;
     currentValue().swapPayload(v);
+    currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
     }
     break;
   case tokenNaN:
     {
     Value v(std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN());
     currentValue().swapPayload(v);
+    currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
     }
     break;
   case tokenPosInf:
     {
     Value v(std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity());
     currentValue().swapPayload(v);
+    currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
     }
     break;
   case tokenNegInf:
     {
     Value v(-std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity());
     currentValue().swapPayload(v);
+    currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
     }
     break;
   case tokenArraySeparator:
@@ -1251,9 +1390,13 @@ bool OurReader::readValue() {
       current_--;
       Value v;
       currentValue().swapPayload(v);
+      currentValue().setOffsetStart(current_ - begin_ - 1);
+      currentValue().setOffsetLimit(current_ - begin_);
       break;
     } // else, fall through ...
   default:
+    currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+    currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
     return addError("Syntax error: value, object or array expected.", token);
   }
 
@@ -1262,7 +1405,6 @@ bool OurReader::readValue() {
     lastValue_ = &currentValue();
   }
 
-  --stackDepth_;
   return successful;
 }
 
@@ -1423,7 +1565,7 @@ bool OurReader::readComment() {
 void
 OurReader::addComment(Location begin, Location end, CommentPlacement placement) {
   assert(collectComments_);
-  const std::string& normalized = normalizeEOL(begin, end);
+  const JSONCPP_STRING& normalized = normalizeEOL(begin, end);
   if (placement == commentAfterOnSameLine) {
     assert(lastValue_ != 0);
     lastValue_->setComment(normalized, placement);
@@ -1433,7 +1575,7 @@ OurReader::addComment(Location begin, Location end, CommentPlacement placement)
 }
 
 bool OurReader::readCStyleComment() {
-  while (current_ != end_) {
+  while ((current_ + 1) < end_) {
     Char c = getNextChar();
     if (c == '*' && *current_ == '/')
       break;
@@ -1466,20 +1608,20 @@ bool OurReader::readNumber(bool checkInf) {
   char c = '0'; // stopgap for already consumed character
   // integral part
   while (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
-    c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : 0;
+    c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : '\0';
   // fractional part
   if (c == '.') {
-    c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : 0;
+    c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : '\0';
     while (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
-      c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : 0;
+      c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : '\0';
   }
   // exponential part
   if (c == 'e' || c == 'E') {
-    c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : 0;
+    c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : '\0';
     if (c == '+' || c == '-')
-      c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : 0;
+      c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : '\0';
     while (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
-      c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : 0;
+      c = (current_ = p) < end_ ? *p++ : '\0';
   }
   return true;
 }
@@ -1508,11 +1650,12 @@ bool OurReader::readStringSingleQuote() {
   return c == '\'';
 }
 
-bool OurReader::readObject(Token& /*tokenStart*/) {
+bool OurReader::readObject(Token& tokenStart) {
   Token tokenName;
-  std::string name;
+  JSONCPP_STRING name;
   Value init(objectValue);
   currentValue().swapPayload(init);
+  currentValue().setOffsetStart(tokenStart.start_ - begin_);
   while (readToken(tokenName)) {
     bool initialTokenOk = true;
     while (tokenName.type_ == tokenComment && initialTokenOk)
@@ -1541,7 +1684,7 @@ bool OurReader::readObject(Token& /*tokenStart*/) {
     }
     if (name.length() >= (1U<<30)) throwRuntimeError("keylength >= 2^30");
     if (features_.rejectDupKeys_ && currentValue().isMember(name)) {
-      std::string msg = "Duplicate key: '" + name + "'";
+      JSONCPP_STRING msg = "Duplicate key: '" + name + "'";
       return addErrorAndRecover(
           msg, tokenName, tokenObjectEnd);
     }
@@ -1569,11 +1712,12 @@ bool OurReader::readObject(Token& /*tokenStart*/) {
       "Missing '}' or object member name", tokenName, tokenObjectEnd);
 }
 
-bool OurReader::readArray(Token& /*tokenStart*/) {
+bool OurReader::readArray(Token& tokenStart) {
   Value init(arrayValue);
   currentValue().swapPayload(init);
+  currentValue().setOffsetStart(tokenStart.start_ - begin_);
   skipSpaces();
-  if (*current_ == ']') // empty array
+  if (current_ != end_ && *current_ == ']') // empty array
   {
     Token endArray;
     readToken(endArray);
@@ -1611,6 +1755,8 @@ bool OurReader::decodeNumber(Token& token) {
   if (!decodeNumber(token, decoded))
     return false;
   currentValue().swapPayload(decoded);
+  currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+  currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
   return true;
 }
 
@@ -1632,7 +1778,7 @@ bool OurReader::decodeNumber(Token& token, Value& decoded) {
     Char c = *current++;
     if (c < '0' || c > '9')
       return decodeDouble(token, decoded);
-    Value::UInt digit(c - '0');
+    Value::UInt digit(static_cast<Value::UInt>(c - '0'));
     if (value >= threshold) {
       // We've hit or exceeded the max value divided by 10 (rounded down). If
       // a) we've only just touched the limit, b) this is the last digit, and
@@ -1659,15 +1805,43 @@ bool OurReader::decodeDouble(Token& token) {
   if (!decodeDouble(token, decoded))
     return false;
   currentValue().swapPayload(decoded);
+  currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+  currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
   return true;
 }
 
 bool OurReader::decodeDouble(Token& token, Value& decoded) {
   double value = 0;
-  std::string buffer( token.start_, token.end_ );
-  std::istringstream is(buffer);
-  if (!(is >> value))
-    return addError("'" + std::string(token.start_, token.end_) +
+  const int bufferSize = 32;
+  int count;
+  ptrdiff_t const length = token.end_ - token.start_;
+
+  // Sanity check to avoid buffer overflow exploits.
+  if (length < 0) {
+    return addError("Unable to parse token length", token);
+  }
+  size_t const ulength = static_cast<size_t>(length);
+
+  // Avoid using a string constant for the format control string given to
+  // sscanf, as this can cause hard to debug crashes on OS X. See here for more
+  // info:
+  //
+  //     http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#DOCUMENTATION/DeveloperTools/gcc-4.0.1/gcc/Incompatibilities.html
+  char format[] = "%lf";
+
+  if (length <= bufferSize) {
+    Char buffer[bufferSize + 1];
+    memcpy(buffer, token.start_, ulength);
+    buffer[length] = 0;
+    fixNumericLocaleInput(buffer, buffer + length);
+    count = sscanf(buffer, format, &value);
+  } else {
+    JSONCPP_STRING buffer(token.start_, token.end_);
+    count = sscanf(buffer.c_str(), format, &value);
+  }
+
+  if (count != 1)
+    return addError("'" + JSONCPP_STRING(token.start_, token.end_) +
                         "' is not a number.",
                     token);
   decoded = value;
@@ -1675,16 +1849,18 @@ bool OurReader::decodeDouble(Token& token, Value& decoded) {
 }
 
 bool OurReader::decodeString(Token& token) {
-  std::string decoded_string;
+  JSONCPP_STRING decoded_string;
   if (!decodeString(token, decoded_string))
     return false;
   Value decoded(decoded_string);
   currentValue().swapPayload(decoded);
+  currentValue().setOffsetStart(token.start_ - begin_);
+  currentValue().setOffsetLimit(token.end_ - begin_);
   return true;
 }
 
-bool OurReader::decodeString(Token& token, std::string& decoded) {
-  decoded.reserve(token.end_ - token.start_ - 2);
+bool OurReader::decodeString(Token& token, JSONCPP_STRING& decoded) {
+  decoded.reserve(static_cast<size_t>(token.end_ - token.start_ - 2));
   Location current = token.start_ + 1; // skip '"'
   Location end = token.end_ - 1;       // do not include '"'
   while (current != end) {
@@ -1768,13 +1944,13 @@ bool OurReader::decodeUnicodeCodePoint(Token& token,
 bool OurReader::decodeUnicodeEscapeSequence(Token& token,
                                          Location& current,
                                          Location end,
-                                         unsigned int& unicode) {
+                                         unsigned int& ret_unicode) {
   if (end - current < 4)
     return addError(
         "Bad unicode escape sequence in string: four digits expected.",
         token,
         current);
-  unicode = 0;
+  int unicode = 0;
   for (int index = 0; index < 4; ++index) {
     Char c = *current++;
     unicode *= 16;
@@ -1790,11 +1966,12 @@ bool OurReader::decodeUnicodeEscapeSequence(Token& token,
           token,
           current);
   }
+  ret_unicode = static_cast<unsigned int>(unicode);
   return true;
 }
 
 bool
-OurReader::addError(const std::string& message, Token& token, Location extra) {
+OurReader::addError(const JSONCPP_STRING& message, Token& token, Location extra) {
   ErrorInfo info;
   info.token_ = token;
   info.message_ = message;
@@ -1804,7 +1981,7 @@ OurReader::addError(const std::string& message, Token& token, Location extra) {
 }
 
 bool OurReader::recoverFromError(TokenType skipUntilToken) {
-  int errorCount = int(errors_.size());
+  size_t errorCount = errors_.size();
   Token skip;
   for (;;) {
     if (!readToken(skip))
@@ -1816,7 +1993,7 @@ bool OurReader::recoverFromError(TokenType skipUntilToken) {
   return false;
 }
 
-bool OurReader::addErrorAndRecover(const std::string& message,
+bool OurReader::addErrorAndRecover(const JSONCPP_STRING& message,
                                 Token& token,
                                 TokenType skipUntilToken) {
   addError(message, token);
@@ -1854,7 +2031,7 @@ void OurReader::getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location,
   ++line;
 }
 
-std::string OurReader::getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location) const {
+JSONCPP_STRING OurReader::getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location) const {
   int line, column;
   getLocationLineAndColumn(location, line, column);
   char buffer[18 + 16 + 16 + 1];
@@ -1862,8 +2039,8 @@ std::string OurReader::getLocationLineAndColumn(Location location) const {
   return buffer;
 }
 
-std::string OurReader::getFormattedErrorMessages() const {
-  std::string formattedMessage;
+JSONCPP_STRING OurReader::getFormattedErrorMessages() const {
+  JSONCPP_STRING formattedMessage;
   for (Errors::const_iterator itError = errors_.begin();
        itError != errors_.end();
        ++itError) {
@@ -1878,6 +2055,60 @@ std::string OurReader::getFormattedErrorMessages() const {
   return formattedMessage;
 }
 
+std::vector<OurReader::StructuredError> OurReader::getStructuredErrors() const {
+  std::vector<OurReader::StructuredError> allErrors;
+  for (Errors::const_iterator itError = errors_.begin();
+       itError != errors_.end();
+       ++itError) {
+    const ErrorInfo& error = *itError;
+    OurReader::StructuredError structured;
+    structured.offset_start = error.token_.start_ - begin_;
+    structured.offset_limit = error.token_.end_ - begin_;
+    structured.message = error.message_;
+    allErrors.push_back(structured);
+  }
+  return allErrors;
+}
+
+bool OurReader::pushError(const Value& value, const JSONCPP_STRING& message) {
+  ptrdiff_t length = end_ - begin_;
+  if(value.getOffsetStart() > length
+    || value.getOffsetLimit() > length)
+    return false;
+  Token token;
+  token.type_ = tokenError;
+  token.start_ = begin_ + value.getOffsetStart();
+  token.end_ = end_ + value.getOffsetLimit();
+  ErrorInfo info;
+  info.token_ = token;
+  info.message_ = message;
+  info.extra_ = 0;
+  errors_.push_back(info);
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool OurReader::pushError(const Value& value, const JSONCPP_STRING& message, const Value& extra) {
+  ptrdiff_t length = end_ - begin_;
+  if(value.getOffsetStart() > length
+    || value.getOffsetLimit() > length
+    || extra.getOffsetLimit() > length)
+    return false;
+  Token token;
+  token.type_ = tokenError;
+  token.start_ = begin_ + value.getOffsetStart();
+  token.end_ = begin_ + value.getOffsetLimit();
+  ErrorInfo info;
+  info.token_ = token;
+  info.message_ = message;
+  info.extra_ = begin_ + extra.getOffsetStart();
+  errors_.push_back(info);
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool OurReader::good() const {
+  return !errors_.size();
+}
+
 
 class OurCharReader : public CharReader {
   bool const collectComments_;
@@ -1889,9 +2120,9 @@ public:
   : collectComments_(collectComments)
   , reader_(features)
   {}
-  virtual bool parse(
+  bool parse(
       char const* beginDoc, char const* endDoc,
-      Value* root, std::string* errs) {
+      Value* root, JSONCPP_STRING* errs) JSONCPP_OVERRIDE {
     bool ok = reader_.parse(beginDoc, endDoc, *root, collectComments_);
     if (errs) {
       *errs = reader_.getFormattedErrorMessages();
@@ -1921,7 +2152,7 @@ CharReader* CharReaderBuilder::newCharReader() const
   features.allowSpecialFloats_ = settings_["allowSpecialFloats"].asBool();
   return new OurCharReader(collectComments, features);
 }
-static void getValidReaderKeys(std::set<std::string>* valid_keys)
+static void getValidReaderKeys(std::set<JSONCPP_STRING>* valid_keys)
 {
   valid_keys->clear();
   valid_keys->insert("collectComments");
@@ -1940,19 +2171,19 @@ bool CharReaderBuilder::validate(Json::Value* invalid) const
   Json::Value my_invalid;
   if (!invalid) invalid = &my_invalid;  // so we do not need to test for NULL
   Json::Value& inv = *invalid;
-  std::set<std::string> valid_keys;
+  std::set<JSONCPP_STRING> valid_keys;
   getValidReaderKeys(&valid_keys);
   Value::Members keys = settings_.getMemberNames();
   size_t n = keys.size();
   for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-    std::string const& key = keys[i];
+    JSONCPP_STRING const& key = keys[i];
     if (valid_keys.find(key) == valid_keys.end()) {
       inv[key] = settings_[key];
     }
   }
   return 0u == inv.size();
 }
-Value& CharReaderBuilder::operator[](std::string key)
+Value& CharReaderBuilder::operator[](JSONCPP_STRING key)
 {
   return settings_[key];
 }
@@ -1965,6 +2196,7 @@ void CharReaderBuilder::strictMode(Json::Value* settings)
   (*settings)["allowDroppedNullPlaceholders"] = false;
   (*settings)["allowNumericKeys"] = false;
   (*settings)["allowSingleQuotes"] = false;
+  (*settings)["stackLimit"] = 1000;
   (*settings)["failIfExtra"] = true;
   (*settings)["rejectDupKeys"] = true;
   (*settings)["allowSpecialFloats"] = false;
@@ -1991,12 +2223,12 @@ void CharReaderBuilder::setDefaults(Json::Value* settings)
 // global functions
 
 bool parseFromStream(
-    CharReader::Factory const& fact, std::istream& sin,
-    Value* root, std::string* errs)
+    CharReader::Factory const& fact, JSONCPP_ISTREAM& sin,
+    Value* root, JSONCPP_STRING* errs)
 {
-  std::ostringstream ssin;
+  JSONCPP_OSTRINGSTREAM ssin;
   ssin << sin.rdbuf();
-  std::string doc = ssin.str();
+  JSONCPP_STRING doc = ssin.str();
   char const* begin = doc.data();
   char const* end = begin + doc.size();
   // Note that we do not actually need a null-terminator.
@@ -2004,16 +2236,16 @@ bool parseFromStream(
   return reader->parse(begin, end, root, errs);
 }
 
-std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& sin, Value& root) {
+JSONCPP_ISTREAM& operator>>(JSONCPP_ISTREAM& sin, Value& root) {
   CharReaderBuilder b;
-  std::string errs;
+  JSONCPP_STRING errs;
   bool ok = parseFromStream(b, sin, &root, &errs);
   if (!ok) {
     fprintf(stderr,
             "Error from reader: %s",
             errs.c_str());
 
-    throwRuntimeError("reader error");
+    throwRuntimeError(errs);
   }
   return sin;
 }
@@ -2127,12 +2359,12 @@ UInt ValueIteratorBase::index() const {
   return Value::UInt(-1);
 }
 
-std::string ValueIteratorBase::name() const {
+JSONCPP_STRING ValueIteratorBase::name() const {
   char const* keey;
   char const* end;
   keey = memberName(&end);
-  if (!keey) return std::string();
-  return std::string(keey, end);
+  if (!keey) return JSONCPP_STRING();
+  return JSONCPP_STRING(keey, end);
 }
 
 char const* ValueIteratorBase::memberName() const {
@@ -2164,6 +2396,9 @@ ValueConstIterator::ValueConstIterator(
     const Value::ObjectValues::iterator& current)
     : ValueIteratorBase(current) {}
 
+ValueConstIterator::ValueConstIterator(ValueIterator const& other)
+    : ValueIteratorBase(other) {}
+
 ValueConstIterator& ValueConstIterator::
 operator=(const ValueIteratorBase& other) {
   copy(other);
@@ -2184,7 +2419,9 @@ ValueIterator::ValueIterator(const Value::ObjectValues::iterator& current)
     : ValueIteratorBase(current) {}
 
 ValueIterator::ValueIterator(const ValueConstIterator& other)
-    : ValueIteratorBase(other) {}
+    : ValueIteratorBase(other) {
+  throwRuntimeError("ConstIterator to Iterator should never be allowed.");
+}
 
 ValueIterator::ValueIterator(const ValueIterator& other)
     : ValueIteratorBase(other) {}
@@ -2240,13 +2477,24 @@ namespace Json {
 #if defined(__ARMEL__)
 #define ALIGNAS(byte_alignment) __attribute__((aligned(byte_alignment)))
 #else
-// This exists for binary compatibility only. Use nullRef.
-const Value Value::null;
 #define ALIGNAS(byte_alignment)
 #endif
-static const unsigned char ALIGNAS(8) kNull[sizeof(Value)] = { 0 };
-const unsigned char& kNullRef = kNull[0];
-const Value& Value::nullRef = reinterpret_cast<const Value&>(kNullRef);
+//static const unsigned char ALIGNAS(8) kNull[sizeof(Value)] = { 0 };
+//const unsigned char& kNullRef = kNull[0];
+//const Value& Value::null = reinterpret_cast<const Value&>(kNullRef);
+//const Value& Value::nullRef = null;
+
+// static
+Value const& Value::nullSingleton()
+{
+ static Value const nullStatic;
+ return nullStatic;
+}
+
+// for backwards compatibility, we'll leave these global references around, but DO NOT
+// use them in JSONCPP library code any more!
+Value const& Value::null = Value::nullSingleton();
+Value const& Value::nullRef = Value::nullSingleton();
 
 const Int Value::minInt = Int(~(UInt(-1) / 2));
 const Int Value::maxInt = Int(UInt(-1) / 2);
@@ -2267,11 +2515,14 @@ const LargestUInt Value::maxLargestUInt = LargestUInt(-1);
 #if !defined(JSON_USE_INT64_DOUBLE_CONVERSION)
 template <typename T, typename U>
 static inline bool InRange(double d, T min, U max) {
+  // The casts can lose precision, but we are looking only for
+  // an approximate range. Might fail on edge cases though. ~cdunn
+  //return d >= static_cast<double>(min) && d <= static_cast<double>(max);
   return d >= min && d <= max;
 }
 #else  // if !defined(JSON_USE_INT64_DOUBLE_CONVERSION)
 static inline double integerToDouble(Json::UInt64 value) {
-  return static_cast<double>(Int64(value / 2)) * 2.0 + Int64(value & 1);
+  return static_cast<double>(Int64(value / 2)) * 2.0 + static_cast<double>(Int64(value & 1));
 }
 
 template <typename T> static inline double integerToDouble(T value) {
@@ -2292,10 +2543,11 @@ static inline bool InRange(double d, T min, U max) {
  * @return Pointer on the duplicate instance of string.
  */
 static inline char* duplicateStringValue(const char* value,
-                                         size_t length) {
+                                         size_t length)
+{
   // Avoid an integer overflow in the call to malloc below by limiting length
   // to a sane value.
-  if (length >= (size_t)Value::maxInt)
+  if (length >= static_cast<size_t>(Value::maxInt))
     length = Value::maxInt - 1;
 
   char* newString = static_cast<char*>(malloc(length + 1));
@@ -2317,7 +2569,7 @@ static inline char* duplicateAndPrefixStringValue(
 {
   // Avoid an integer overflow in the call to malloc below by limiting length
   // to a sane value.
-  JSON_ASSERT_MESSAGE(length <= (unsigned)Value::maxInt - sizeof(unsigned) - 1U,
+  JSON_ASSERT_MESSAGE(length <= static_cast<unsigned>(Value::maxInt) - sizeof(unsigned) - 1U,
                       "in Json::Value::duplicateAndPrefixStringValue(): "
                       "length too big for prefixing");
   unsigned actualLength = length + static_cast<unsigned>(sizeof(unsigned)) + 1U;
@@ -2346,7 +2598,29 @@ inline static void decodePrefixedString(
 }
 /** Free the string duplicated by duplicateStringValue()/duplicateAndPrefixStringValue().
  */
-static inline void releaseStringValue(char* value) { free(value); }
+#if JSONCPP_USING_SECURE_MEMORY
+static inline void releasePrefixedStringValue(char* value) {
+  unsigned length = 0;
+  char const* valueDecoded;
+  decodePrefixedString(true, value, &length, &valueDecoded);
+  size_t const size = sizeof(unsigned) + length + 1U;
+  memset(value, 0, size);
+  free(value);
+}
+static inline void releaseStringValue(char* value, unsigned length) {
+  // length==0 => we allocated the strings memory
+  size_t size = (length==0) ? strlen(value) : length;
+  memset(value, 0, size);
+  free(value);
+}
+#else // !JSONCPP_USING_SECURE_MEMORY
+static inline void releasePrefixedStringValue(char* value) {
+  free(value);
+}
+static inline void releaseStringValue(char* value, unsigned) {
+  free(value);
+}
+#endif // JSONCPP_USING_SECURE_MEMORY
 
 } // namespace Json
 
@@ -2364,26 +2638,26 @@ static inline void releaseStringValue(char* value) { free(value); }
 
 namespace Json {
 
-Exception::Exception(std::string const& msg)
+Exception::Exception(JSONCPP_STRING const& msg)
   : msg_(msg)
 {}
-Exception::~Exception() throw()
+Exception::~Exception() JSONCPP_NOEXCEPT
 {}
-char const* Exception::what() const throw()
+char const* Exception::what() const JSONCPP_NOEXCEPT
 {
   return msg_.c_str();
 }
-RuntimeError::RuntimeError(std::string const& msg)
+RuntimeError::RuntimeError(JSONCPP_STRING const& msg)
   : Exception(msg)
 {}
-LogicError::LogicError(std::string const& msg)
+LogicError::LogicError(JSONCPP_STRING const& msg)
   : Exception(msg)
 {}
-JSONCPP_NORETURN void throwRuntimeError(std::string const& msg)
+JSONCPP_NORETURN void throwRuntimeError(JSONCPP_STRING const& msg)
 {
   throw RuntimeError(msg);
 }
-JSONCPP_NORETURN void throwLogicError(std::string const& msg)
+JSONCPP_NORETURN void throwLogicError(JSONCPP_STRING const& msg)
 {
   throw LogicError(msg);
 }
@@ -2396,16 +2670,17 @@ JSONCPP_NORETURN void throwLogicError(std::string const& msg)
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-Value::CommentInfo::CommentInfo() : comment_(0) {}
+Value::CommentInfo::CommentInfo() : comment_(0)
+{}
 
 Value::CommentInfo::~CommentInfo() {
   if (comment_)
-    releaseStringValue(comment_);
+    releaseStringValue(comment_, 0u);
 }
 
 void Value::CommentInfo::setComment(const char* text, size_t len) {
   if (comment_) {
-    releaseStringValue(comment_);
+    releaseStringValue(comment_, 0u);
     comment_ = 0;
   }
   JSON_ASSERT(text != 0);
@@ -2430,28 +2705,34 @@ void Value::CommentInfo::setComment(const char* text, size_t len) {
 Value::CZString::CZString(ArrayIndex aindex) : cstr_(0), index_(aindex) {}
 
 Value::CZString::CZString(char const* str, unsigned ulength, DuplicationPolicy allocate)
-    : cstr_(str)
-{
+    : cstr_(str) {
   // allocate != duplicate
   storage_.policy_ = allocate & 0x3;
   storage_.length_ = ulength & 0x3FFFFFFF;
 }
 
-Value::CZString::CZString(const CZString& other)
-    : cstr_(other.storage_.policy_ != noDuplication && other.cstr_ != 0
-                ? duplicateStringValue(other.cstr_, other.storage_.length_)
-                : other.cstr_)
-{
-  storage_.policy_ = (other.cstr_
+Value::CZString::CZString(const CZString& other) {
+  cstr_ = (other.storage_.policy_ != noDuplication && other.cstr_ != 0
+				 ? duplicateStringValue(other.cstr_, other.storage_.length_)
+				 : other.cstr_);
+  storage_.policy_ = static_cast<unsigned>(other.cstr_
                  ? (static_cast<DuplicationPolicy>(other.storage_.policy_) == noDuplication
                      ? noDuplication : duplicate)
-                 : static_cast<DuplicationPolicy>(other.storage_.policy_));
+                 : static_cast<DuplicationPolicy>(other.storage_.policy_)) & 3U;
   storage_.length_ = other.storage_.length_;
 }
 
+#if JSON_HAS_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+Value::CZString::CZString(CZString&& other)
+  : cstr_(other.cstr_), index_(other.index_) {
+  other.cstr_ = nullptr;
+}
+#endif
+
 Value::CZString::~CZString() {
-  if (cstr_ && storage_.policy_ == duplicate)
-    releaseStringValue(const_cast<char*>(cstr_));
+  if (cstr_ && storage_.policy_ == duplicate) {
+	  releaseStringValue(const_cast<char*>(cstr_), storage_.length_ + 1u); //+1 for null terminating character for sake of completeness but not actually necessary
+  }
 }
 
 void Value::CZString::swap(CZString& other) {
@@ -2471,6 +2752,7 @@ bool Value::CZString::operator<(const CZString& other) const {
   unsigned this_len = this->storage_.length_;
   unsigned other_len = other.storage_.length_;
   unsigned min_len = std::min(this_len, other_len);
+  JSON_ASSERT(this->cstr_ && other.cstr_);
   int comp = memcmp(this->cstr_, other.cstr_, min_len);
   if (comp < 0) return true;
   if (comp > 0) return false;
@@ -2484,6 +2766,7 @@ bool Value::CZString::operator==(const CZString& other) const {
   unsigned this_len = this->storage_.length_;
   unsigned other_len = other.storage_.length_;
   if (this_len != other_len) return false;
+  JSON_ASSERT(this->cstr_ && other.cstr_);
   int comp = memcmp(this->cstr_, other.cstr_, this_len);
   return comp == 0;
 }
@@ -2508,6 +2791,7 @@ bool Value::CZString::isStaticString() const { return storage_.policy_ == noDupl
  * This optimization is used in ValueInternalMap fast allocator.
  */
 Value::Value(ValueType vtype) {
+  static char const emptyString[] = "";
   initBasic(vtype);
   switch (vtype) {
   case nullValue:
@@ -2520,7 +2804,8 @@ Value::Value(ValueType vtype) {
     value_.real_ = 0.0;
     break;
   case stringValue:
-    value_.string_ = 0;
+    // allocated_ == false, so this is safe.
+    value_.string_ = const_cast<char*>(static_cast<char const*>(emptyString));
     break;
   case arrayValue:
   case objectValue:
@@ -2570,7 +2855,7 @@ Value::Value(const char* beginValue, const char* endValue) {
       duplicateAndPrefixStringValue(beginValue, static_cast<unsigned>(endValue - beginValue));
 }
 
-Value::Value(const std::string& value) {
+Value::Value(const JSONCPP_STRING& value) {
   initBasic(stringValue, true);
   value_.string_ =
       duplicateAndPrefixStringValue(value.data(), static_cast<unsigned>(value.length()));
@@ -2596,7 +2881,7 @@ Value::Value(bool value) {
 Value::Value(Value const& other)
     : type_(other.type_), allocated_(false)
       ,
-      comments_(0)
+      comments_(0), start_(other.start_), limit_(other.limit_)
 {
   switch (type_) {
   case nullValue:
@@ -2637,6 +2922,14 @@ Value::Value(Value const& other)
   }
 }
 
+#if JSON_HAS_RVALUE_REFERENCES
+// Move constructor
+Value::Value(Value&& other) {
+  initBasic(nullValue);
+  swap(other);
+}
+#endif
+
 Value::~Value() {
   switch (type_) {
   case nullValue:
@@ -2647,7 +2940,7 @@ Value::~Value() {
     break;
   case stringValue:
     if (allocated_)
-      releaseStringValue(value_.string_);
+      releasePrefixedStringValue(value_.string_);
     break;
   case arrayValue:
   case objectValue:
@@ -2657,13 +2950,13 @@ Value::~Value() {
     JSON_ASSERT_UNREACHABLE;
   }
 
-  if (comments_)
-    delete[] comments_;
+  delete[] comments_;
+
+  value_.uint_ = 0;
 }
 
-Value &Value::operator=(const Value &other) {
-  Value temp(other);
-  swap(temp);
+Value& Value::operator=(Value other) {
+  swap(other);
   return *this;
 }
 
@@ -2680,6 +2973,8 @@ void Value::swapPayload(Value& other) {
 void Value::swap(Value& other) {
   swapPayload(other);
   std::swap(comments_, other.comments_);
+  std::swap(start_, other.start_);
+  std::swap(limit_, other.limit_);
 }
 
 ValueType Value::type() const { return type_; }
@@ -2720,6 +3015,7 @@ bool Value::operator<(const Value& other) const {
     decodePrefixedString(this->allocated_, this->value_.string_, &this_len, &this_str);
     decodePrefixedString(other.allocated_, other.value_.string_, &other_len, &other_str);
     unsigned min_len = std::min(this_len, other_len);
+    JSON_ASSERT(this_str && other_str);
     int comp = memcmp(this_str, other_str, min_len);
     if (comp < 0) return true;
     if (comp > 0) return false;
@@ -2775,6 +3071,7 @@ bool Value::operator==(const Value& other) const {
     decodePrefixedString(this->allocated_, this->value_.string_, &this_len, &this_str);
     decodePrefixedString(other.allocated_, other.value_.string_, &other_len, &other_str);
     if (this_len != other_len) return false;
+    JSON_ASSERT(this_str && other_str);
     int comp = memcmp(this_str, other_str, this_len);
     return comp == 0;
   }
@@ -2800,6 +3097,18 @@ const char* Value::asCString() const {
   return this_str;
 }
 
+#if JSONCPP_USING_SECURE_MEMORY
+unsigned Value::getCStringLength() const {
+  JSON_ASSERT_MESSAGE(type_ == stringValue,
+	                  "in Json::Value::asCString(): requires stringValue");
+  if (value_.string_ == 0) return 0;
+  unsigned this_len;
+  char const* this_str;
+  decodePrefixedString(this->allocated_, this->value_.string_, &this_len, &this_str);
+  return this_len;
+}
+#endif
+
 bool Value::getString(char const** str, char const** cend) const {
   if (type_ != stringValue) return false;
   if (value_.string_ == 0) return false;
@@ -2809,7 +3118,7 @@ bool Value::getString(char const** str, char const** cend) const {
   return true;
 }
 
-std::string Value::asString() const {
+JSONCPP_STRING Value::asString() const {
   switch (type_) {
   case nullValue:
     return "";
@@ -2819,7 +3128,7 @@ std::string Value::asString() const {
     unsigned this_len;
     char const* this_str;
     decodePrefixedString(this->allocated_, this->value_.string_, &this_len, &this_str);
-    return std::string(this_str, this_len);
+    return JSONCPP_STRING(this_str, this_len);
   }
   case booleanValue:
     return value_.bool_ ? "true" : "false";
@@ -2979,7 +3288,8 @@ float Value::asFloat() const {
 #if !defined(JSON_USE_INT64_DOUBLE_CONVERSION)
     return static_cast<float>(value_.uint_);
 #else  // if !defined(JSON_USE_INT64_DOUBLE_CONVERSION)
-    return integerToDouble(value_.uint_);
+    // This can fail (silently?) if the value is bigger than MAX_FLOAT.
+    return static_cast<float>(integerToDouble(value_.uint_));
 #endif // if !defined(JSON_USE_INT64_DOUBLE_CONVERSION)
   case realValue:
     return static_cast<float>(value_.real_);
@@ -3082,6 +3392,8 @@ void Value::clear() {
   JSON_ASSERT_MESSAGE(type_ == nullValue || type_ == arrayValue ||
                           type_ == objectValue,
                       "in Json::Value::clear(): requires complex value");
+  start_ = 0;
+  limit_ = 0;
   switch (type_) {
   case arrayValue:
   case objectValue:
@@ -3106,7 +3418,7 @@ void Value::resize(ArrayIndex newSize) {
     for (ArrayIndex index = newSize; index < oldSize; ++index) {
       value_.map_->erase(index);
     }
-    assert(size() == newSize);
+    JSON_ASSERT(size() == newSize);
   }
 }
 
@@ -3121,7 +3433,7 @@ Value& Value::operator[](ArrayIndex index) {
   if (it != value_.map_->end() && (*it).first == key)
     return (*it).second;
 
-  ObjectValues::value_type defaultValue(key, nullRef);
+  ObjectValues::value_type defaultValue(key, nullSingleton());
   it = value_.map_->insert(it, defaultValue);
   return (*it).second;
 }
@@ -3138,11 +3450,11 @@ const Value& Value::operator[](ArrayIndex index) const {
       type_ == nullValue || type_ == arrayValue,
       "in Json::Value::operator[](ArrayIndex)const: requires arrayValue");
   if (type_ == nullValue)
-    return nullRef;
+    return nullSingleton();
   CZString key(index);
   ObjectValues::const_iterator it = value_.map_->find(key);
   if (it == value_.map_->end())
-    return nullRef;
+    return nullSingleton();
   return (*it).second;
 }
 
@@ -3157,6 +3469,8 @@ void Value::initBasic(ValueType vtype, bool allocated) {
   type_ = vtype;
   allocated_ = allocated;
   comments_ = 0;
+  start_ = 0;
+  limit_ = 0;
 }
 
 // Access an object value by name, create a null member if it does not exist.
@@ -3174,7 +3488,7 @@ Value& Value::resolveReference(const char* key) {
   if (it != value_.map_->end() && (*it).first == actualKey)
     return (*it).second;
 
-  ObjectValues::value_type defaultValue(actualKey, nullRef);
+  ObjectValues::value_type defaultValue(actualKey, nullSingleton());
   it = value_.map_->insert(it, defaultValue);
   Value& value = (*it).second;
   return value;
@@ -3194,7 +3508,7 @@ Value& Value::resolveReference(char const* key, char const* cend)
   if (it != value_.map_->end() && (*it).first == actualKey)
     return (*it).second;
 
-  ObjectValues::value_type defaultValue(actualKey, nullRef);
+  ObjectValues::value_type defaultValue(actualKey, nullSingleton());
   it = value_.map_->insert(it, defaultValue);
   Value& value = (*it).second;
   return value;
@@ -3202,7 +3516,7 @@ Value& Value::resolveReference(char const* key, char const* cend)
 
 Value Value::get(ArrayIndex index, const Value& defaultValue) const {
   const Value* value = &((*this)[index]);
-  return value == &nullRef ? defaultValue : *value;
+  return value == &nullSingleton() ? defaultValue : *value;
 }
 
 bool Value::isValidIndex(ArrayIndex index) const { return index < size(); }
@@ -3221,13 +3535,13 @@ Value const* Value::find(char const* key, char const* cend) const
 const Value& Value::operator[](const char* key) const
 {
   Value const* found = find(key, key + strlen(key));
-  if (!found) return nullRef;
+  if (!found) return nullSingleton();
   return *found;
 }
-Value const& Value::operator[](std::string const& key) const
+Value const& Value::operator[](JSONCPP_STRING const& key) const
 {
   Value const* found = find(key.data(), key.data() + key.length());
-  if (!found) return nullRef;
+  if (!found) return nullSingleton();
   return *found;
 }
 
@@ -3235,7 +3549,7 @@ Value& Value::operator[](const char* key) {
   return resolveReference(key, key + strlen(key));
 }
 
-Value& Value::operator[](const std::string& key) {
+Value& Value::operator[](const JSONCPP_STRING& key) {
   return resolveReference(key.data(), key.data() + key.length());
 }
 
@@ -3250,7 +3564,7 @@ Value& Value::operator[](const CppTL::ConstString& key) {
 Value const& Value::operator[](CppTL::ConstString const& key) const
 {
   Value const* found = find(key.c_str(), key.end_c_str());
-  if (!found) return nullRef;
+  if (!found) return nullSingleton();
   return *found;
 }
 #endif
@@ -3266,7 +3580,7 @@ Value Value::get(char const* key, Value const& defaultValue) const
 {
   return get(key, key + strlen(key), defaultValue);
 }
-Value Value::get(std::string const& key, Value const& defaultValue) const
+Value Value::get(JSONCPP_STRING const& key, Value const& defaultValue) const
 {
   return get(key.data(), key.data() + key.length(), defaultValue);
 }
@@ -3289,7 +3603,7 @@ bool Value::removeMember(const char* key, Value* removed)
 {
   return removeMember(key, key + strlen(key), removed);
 }
-bool Value::removeMember(std::string const& key, Value* removed)
+bool Value::removeMember(JSONCPP_STRING const& key, Value* removed)
 {
   return removeMember(key.data(), key.data() + key.length(), removed);
 }
@@ -3298,13 +3612,13 @@ Value Value::removeMember(const char* key)
   JSON_ASSERT_MESSAGE(type_ == nullValue || type_ == objectValue,
                       "in Json::Value::removeMember(): requires objectValue");
   if (type_ == nullValue)
-    return nullRef;
+    return nullSingleton();
 
   Value removed;  // null
   removeMember(key, key + strlen(key), &removed);
   return removed; // still null if removeMember() did nothing
 }
-Value Value::removeMember(const std::string& key)
+Value Value::removeMember(const JSONCPP_STRING& key)
 {
   return removeMember(key.c_str());
 }
@@ -3348,7 +3662,7 @@ bool Value::isMember(char const* key) const
 {
   return isMember(key, key + strlen(key));
 }
-bool Value::isMember(std::string const& key) const
+bool Value::isMember(JSONCPP_STRING const& key) const
 {
   return isMember(key.data(), key.data() + key.length());
 }
@@ -3370,7 +3684,7 @@ Value::Members Value::getMemberNames() const {
   ObjectValues::const_iterator it = value_.map_->begin();
   ObjectValues::const_iterator itEnd = value_.map_->end();
   for (; it != itEnd; ++it) {
-    members.push_back(std::string((*it).first.data(),
+    members.push_back(JSONCPP_STRING((*it).first.data(),
                                   (*it).first.length()));
   }
   return members;
@@ -3413,7 +3727,11 @@ bool Value::isBool() const { return type_ == booleanValue; }
 bool Value::isInt() const {
   switch (type_) {
   case intValue:
+#if defined(JSON_HAS_INT64)
     return value_.int_ >= minInt && value_.int_ <= maxInt;
+#else
+    return true;
+#endif
   case uintValue:
     return value_.uint_ <= UInt(maxInt);
   case realValue:
@@ -3428,9 +3746,17 @@ bool Value::isInt() const {
 bool Value::isUInt() const {
   switch (type_) {
   case intValue:
+#if defined(JSON_HAS_INT64)
     return value_.int_ >= 0 && LargestUInt(value_.int_) <= LargestUInt(maxUInt);
+#else
+    return value_.int_ >= 0;
+#endif
   case uintValue:
+#if defined(JSON_HAS_INT64)
     return value_.uint_ <= maxUInt;
+#else
+    return true;
+#endif
   case realValue:
     return value_.real_ >= 0 && value_.real_ <= maxUInt &&
            IsIntegral(value_.real_);
@@ -3488,9 +3814,9 @@ bool Value::isIntegral() const {
 #endif
 }
 
-bool Value::isDouble() const { return type_ == realValue || isIntegral(); }
+bool Value::isDouble() const { return type_ == intValue || type_ == uintValue || type_ == realValue; }
 
-bool Value::isNumeric() const { return isIntegral() || isDouble(); }
+bool Value::isNumeric() const { return isDouble(); }
 
 bool Value::isString() const { return type_ == stringValue; }
 
@@ -3512,7 +3838,7 @@ void Value::setComment(const char* comment, CommentPlacement placement) {
   setComment(comment, strlen(comment), placement);
 }
 
-void Value::setComment(const std::string& comment, CommentPlacement placement) {
+void Value::setComment(const JSONCPP_STRING& comment, CommentPlacement placement) {
   setComment(comment.c_str(), comment.length(), placement);
 }
 
@@ -3520,13 +3846,21 @@ bool Value::hasComment(CommentPlacement placement) const {
   return comments_ != 0 && comments_[placement].comment_ != 0;
 }
 
-std::string Value::getComment(CommentPlacement placement) const {
+JSONCPP_STRING Value::getComment(CommentPlacement placement) const {
   if (hasComment(placement))
     return comments_[placement].comment_;
   return "";
 }
 
-std::string Value::toStyledString() const {
+void Value::setOffsetStart(ptrdiff_t start) { start_ = start; }
+
+void Value::setOffsetLimit(ptrdiff_t limit) { limit_ = limit; }
+
+ptrdiff_t Value::getOffsetStart() const { return start_; }
+
+ptrdiff_t Value::getOffsetLimit() const { return limit_; }
+
+JSONCPP_STRING Value::toStyledString() const {
   StyledWriter writer;
   return writer.write(*this);
 }
@@ -3594,13 +3928,13 @@ PathArgument::PathArgument(ArrayIndex index)
 PathArgument::PathArgument(const char* key)
     : key_(key), index_(), kind_(kindKey) {}
 
-PathArgument::PathArgument(const std::string& key)
+PathArgument::PathArgument(const JSONCPP_STRING& key)
     : key_(key.c_str()), index_(), kind_(kindKey) {}
 
 // class Path
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-Path::Path(const std::string& path,
+Path::Path(const JSONCPP_STRING& path,
            const PathArgument& a1,
            const PathArgument& a2,
            const PathArgument& a3,
@@ -3615,7 +3949,7 @@ Path::Path(const std::string& path,
   makePath(path, in);
 }
 
-void Path::makePath(const std::string& path, const InArgs& in) {
+void Path::makePath(const JSONCPP_STRING& path, const InArgs& in) {
   const char* current = path.c_str();
   const char* end = current + path.length();
   InArgs::const_iterator itInArg = in.begin();
@@ -3630,23 +3964,23 @@ void Path::makePath(const std::string& path, const InArgs& in) {
           index = index * 10 + ArrayIndex(*current - '0');
         args_.push_back(index);
       }
-      if (current == end || *current++ != ']')
+      if (current == end || *++current != ']')
         invalidPath(path, int(current - path.c_str()));
     } else if (*current == '%') {
       addPathInArg(path, in, itInArg, PathArgument::kindKey);
       ++current;
-    } else if (*current == '.') {
+    } else if (*current == '.' || *current == ']') {
       ++current;
     } else {
       const char* beginName = current;
       while (current != end && !strchr("[.", *current))
         ++current;
-      args_.push_back(std::string(beginName, current));
+      args_.push_back(JSONCPP_STRING(beginName, current));
     }
   }
 }
 
-void Path::addPathInArg(const std::string& /*path*/,
+void Path::addPathInArg(const JSONCPP_STRING& /*path*/,
                         const InArgs& in,
                         InArgs::const_iterator& itInArg,
                         PathArgument::Kind kind) {
@@ -3655,11 +3989,11 @@ void Path::addPathInArg(const std::string& /*path*/,
   } else if ((*itInArg)->kind_ != kind) {
     // Error: bad argument type
   } else {
-    args_.push_back(**itInArg);
+    args_.push_back(**itInArg++);
   }
 }
 
-void Path::invalidPath(const std::string& /*path*/, int /*location*/) {
+void Path::invalidPath(const JSONCPP_STRING& /*path*/, int /*location*/) {
   // Error: invalid path.
 }
 
@@ -3670,16 +4004,19 @@ const Value& Path::resolve(const Value& root) const {
     if (arg.kind_ == PathArgument::kindIndex) {
       if (!node->isArray() || !node->isValidIndex(arg.index_)) {
         // Error: unable to resolve path (array value expected at position...
+        return Value::null;
       }
       node = &((*node)[arg.index_]);
     } else if (arg.kind_ == PathArgument::kindKey) {
       if (!node->isObject()) {
         // Error: unable to resolve path (object value expected at position...)
+        return Value::null;
       }
       node = &((*node)[arg.key_]);
-      if (node == &Value::nullRef) {
+      if (node == &Value::nullSingleton()) {
         // Error: unable to resolve path (object has no member named '' at
         // position...)
+        return Value::null;
       }
     }
   }
@@ -3698,7 +4035,7 @@ Value Path::resolve(const Value& root, const Value& defaultValue) const {
       if (!node->isObject())
         return defaultValue;
       node = &((*node)[arg.key_]);
-      if (node == &Value::nullRef)
+      if (node == &Value::nullSingleton())
         return defaultValue;
     }
   }
@@ -3761,12 +4098,31 @@ Value& Path::make(Value& root) const {
 #include <float.h>
 #define isfinite _finite
 #elif defined(__sun) && defined(__SVR4) //Solaris
+#if !defined(isfinite)
 #include <ieeefp.h>
 #define isfinite finite
+#endif
+#elif defined(_AIX)
+#if !defined(isfinite)
+#include <math.h>
+#define isfinite finite
+#endif
+#elif defined(__hpux)
+#if !defined(isfinite)
+#if defined(__ia64) && !defined(finite)
+#define isfinite(x) ((sizeof(x) == sizeof(float) ? \
+                     _Isfinitef(x) : _IsFinite(x)))
+#else
+#include <math.h>
+#define isfinite finite
+#endif
+#endif
 #else
 #include <cmath>
+#if !(defined(__QNXNTO__)) // QNX already defines isfinite
 #define isfinite std::isfinite
 #endif
+#endif
 
 #if defined(_MSC_VER)
 #if !defined(WINCE) && defined(__STDC_SECURE_LIB__) && _MSC_VER >= 1500 // VC++ 9.0 and above
@@ -3776,13 +4132,15 @@ Value& Path::make(Value& root) const {
 #else
 #define snprintf _snprintf
 #endif
-#elif defined(__ANDROID__)
+#elif defined(__ANDROID__) || defined(__QNXNTO__)
 #define snprintf snprintf
 #elif __cplusplus >= 201103L
+#if !defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
 #define snprintf std::snprintf
 #endif
+#endif
 
-#if defined(__BORLANDC__)
+#if defined(__BORLANDC__)  
 #include <float.h>
 #define isfinite _finite
 #define snprintf _snprintf
@@ -3795,7 +4153,11 @@ Value& Path::make(Value& root) const {
 
 namespace Json {
 
-typedef std::auto_ptr<StreamWriter>          StreamWriterPtr;
+#if __cplusplus >= 201103L || (defined(_CPPLIB_VER) && _CPPLIB_VER >= 520)
+typedef std::unique_ptr<StreamWriter> StreamWriterPtr;
+#else
+typedef std::auto_ptr<StreamWriter>   StreamWriterPtr;
+#endif
 
 static bool containsControlCharacter(const char* str) {
   while (*str) {
@@ -3815,7 +4177,7 @@ static bool containsControlCharacter0(const char* str, unsigned len) {
   return false;
 }
 
-std::string valueToString(LargestInt value) {
+JSONCPP_STRING valueToString(LargestInt value) {
   UIntToStringBuffer buffer;
   char* current = buffer + sizeof(buffer);
   if (value == Value::minLargestInt) {
@@ -3831,7 +4193,7 @@ std::string valueToString(LargestInt value) {
   return current;
 }
 
-std::string valueToString(LargestUInt value) {
+JSONCPP_STRING valueToString(LargestUInt value) {
   UIntToStringBuffer buffer;
   char* current = buffer + sizeof(buffer);
   uintToString(value, current);
@@ -3841,20 +4203,21 @@ std::string valueToString(LargestUInt value) {
 
 #if defined(JSON_HAS_INT64)
 
-std::string valueToString(Int value) {
+JSONCPP_STRING valueToString(Int value) {
   return valueToString(LargestInt(value));
 }
 
-std::string valueToString(UInt value) {
+JSONCPP_STRING valueToString(UInt value) {
   return valueToString(LargestUInt(value));
 }
 
 #endif // # if defined(JSON_HAS_INT64)
 
-std::string valueToString(double value, bool useSpecialFloats, unsigned int precision) {
+namespace {
+JSONCPP_STRING valueToString(double value, bool useSpecialFloats, unsigned int precision) {
   // Allocate a buffer that is more than large enough to store the 16 digits of
   // precision requested below.
-  char buffer[32];
+  char buffer[36];
   int len = -1;
 
   char formatString[6];
@@ -3865,6 +4228,12 @@ std::string valueToString(double value, bool useSpecialFloats, unsigned int prec
   // concepts of reals and integers.
   if (isfinite(value)) {
     len = snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), formatString, value);
+    
+    // try to ensure we preserve the fact that this was given to us as a double on input
+    if (!strstr(buffer, ".") && !strstr(buffer, "e")) {
+      strcat(buffer, ".0");
+    }
+
   } else {
     // IEEE standard states that NaN values will not compare to themselves
     if (value != value) {
@@ -3880,24 +4249,25 @@ std::string valueToString(double value, bool useSpecialFloats, unsigned int prec
   fixNumericLocale(buffer, buffer + len);
   return buffer;
 }
+}
 
-std::string valueToString(double value) { return valueToString(value, false, 17); }
+JSONCPP_STRING valueToString(double value) { return valueToString(value, false, 17); }
 
-std::string valueToString(bool value) { return value ? "true" : "false"; }
+JSONCPP_STRING valueToString(bool value) { return value ? "true" : "false"; }
 
-std::string valueToQuotedString(const char* value) {
+JSONCPP_STRING valueToQuotedString(const char* value) {
   if (value == NULL)
     return "";
   // Not sure how to handle unicode...
   if (strpbrk(value, "\"\\\b\f\n\r\t") == NULL &&
       !containsControlCharacter(value))
-    return std::string("\"") + value + "\"";
+    return JSONCPP_STRING("\"") + value + "\"";
   // We have to walk value and escape any special characters.
-  // Appending to std::string is not efficient, but this should be rare.
+  // Appending to JSONCPP_STRING is not efficient, but this should be rare.
   // (Note: forward slashes are *not* rare, but I am not escaping them.)
-  std::string::size_type maxsize =
+  JSONCPP_STRING::size_type maxsize =
       strlen(value) * 2 + 3; // allescaped+quotes+NULL
-  std::string result;
+  JSONCPP_STRING result;
   result.reserve(maxsize); // to avoid lots of mallocs
   result += "\"";
   for (const char* c = value; *c != 0; ++c) {
@@ -3933,7 +4303,7 @@ std::string valueToQuotedString(const char* value) {
     // sequence from occurring.
     default:
       if (isControlCharacter(*c)) {
-        std::ostringstream oss;
+        JSONCPP_OSTRINGSTREAM oss;
         oss << "\\u" << std::hex << std::uppercase << std::setfill('0')
             << std::setw(4) << static_cast<int>(*c);
         result += oss.str();
@@ -3962,19 +4332,19 @@ static char const* strnpbrk(char const* s, char const* accept, size_t n) {
   }
   return NULL;
 }
-static std::string valueToQuotedStringN(const char* value, unsigned length) {
+static JSONCPP_STRING valueToQuotedStringN(const char* value, unsigned length) {
   if (value == NULL)
     return "";
   // Not sure how to handle unicode...
   if (strnpbrk(value, "\"\\\b\f\n\r\t", length) == NULL &&
       !containsControlCharacter0(value, length))
-    return std::string("\"") + value + "\"";
+    return JSONCPP_STRING("\"") + value + "\"";
   // We have to walk value and escape any special characters.
-  // Appending to std::string is not efficient, but this should be rare.
+  // Appending to JSONCPP_STRING is not efficient, but this should be rare.
   // (Note: forward slashes are *not* rare, but I am not escaping them.)
-  std::string::size_type maxsize =
+  JSONCPP_STRING::size_type maxsize =
       length * 2 + 3; // allescaped+quotes+NULL
-  std::string result;
+  JSONCPP_STRING result;
   result.reserve(maxsize); // to avoid lots of mallocs
   result += "\"";
   char const* end = value + length;
@@ -4011,7 +4381,7 @@ static std::string valueToQuotedStringN(const char* value, unsigned length) {
     // sequence from occurring.
     default:
       if ((isControlCharacter(*c)) || (*c == 0)) {
-        std::ostringstream oss;
+        JSONCPP_OSTRINGSTREAM oss;
         oss << "\\u" << std::hex << std::uppercase << std::setfill('0')
             << std::setw(4) << static_cast<int>(*c);
         result += oss.str();
@@ -4033,21 +4403,28 @@ Writer::~Writer() {}
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 FastWriter::FastWriter()
-    : yamlCompatiblityEnabled_(false) {}
+    : yamlCompatiblityEnabled_(false), dropNullPlaceholders_(false),
+      omitEndingLineFeed_(false) {}
 
 void FastWriter::enableYAMLCompatibility() { yamlCompatiblityEnabled_ = true; }
 
-std::string FastWriter::write(const Value& root) {
+void FastWriter::dropNullPlaceholders() { dropNullPlaceholders_ = true; }
+
+void FastWriter::omitEndingLineFeed() { omitEndingLineFeed_ = true; }
+
+JSONCPP_STRING FastWriter::write(const Value& root) {
   document_ = "";
   writeValue(root);
-  document_ += "\n";
+  if (!omitEndingLineFeed_)
+    document_ += "\n";
   return document_;
 }
 
 void FastWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
   switch (value.type()) {
   case nullValue:
-    document_ += "null";
+    if (!dropNullPlaceholders_)
+      document_ += "null";
     break;
   case intValue:
     document_ += valueToString(value.asLargestInt());
@@ -4060,7 +4437,7 @@ void FastWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
     break;
   case stringValue:
   {
-    // Is NULL possible for value.string_?
+    // Is NULL possible for value.string_? No.
     char const* str;
     char const* end;
     bool ok = value.getString(&str, &end);
@@ -4072,8 +4449,8 @@ void FastWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
     break;
   case arrayValue: {
     document_ += '[';
-    int size = value.size();
-    for (int index = 0; index < size; ++index) {
+    ArrayIndex size = value.size();
+    for (ArrayIndex index = 0; index < size; ++index) {
       if (index > 0)
         document_ += ',';
       writeValue(value[index]);
@@ -4085,7 +4462,7 @@ void FastWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
     document_ += '{';
     for (Value::Members::iterator it = members.begin(); it != members.end();
          ++it) {
-      const std::string& name = *it;
+      const JSONCPP_STRING& name = *it;
       if (it != members.begin())
         document_ += ',';
       document_ += valueToQuotedStringN(name.data(), static_cast<unsigned>(name.length()));
@@ -4103,7 +4480,7 @@ void FastWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
 StyledWriter::StyledWriter()
     : rightMargin_(74), indentSize_(3), addChildValues_() {}
 
-std::string StyledWriter::write(const Value& root) {
+JSONCPP_STRING StyledWriter::write(const Value& root) {
   document_ = "";
   addChildValues_ = false;
   indentString_ = "";
@@ -4130,7 +4507,7 @@ void StyledWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
     break;
   case stringValue:
   {
-    // Is NULL possible for value.string_?
+    // Is NULL possible for value.string_? No.
     char const* str;
     char const* end;
     bool ok = value.getString(&str, &end);
@@ -4153,7 +4530,7 @@ void StyledWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
       indent();
       Value::Members::iterator it = members.begin();
       for (;;) {
-        const std::string& name = *it;
+        const JSONCPP_STRING& name = *it;
         const Value& childValue = value[name];
         writeCommentBeforeValue(childValue);
         writeWithIndent(valueToQuotedString(name.c_str()));
@@ -4217,26 +4594,25 @@ void StyledWriter::writeArrayValue(const Value& value) {
 }
 
 bool StyledWriter::isMultineArray(const Value& value) {
-  int size = value.size();
+  ArrayIndex const size = value.size();
   bool isMultiLine = size * 3 >= rightMargin_;
   childValues_.clear();
-  for (int index = 0; index < size && !isMultiLine; ++index) {
+  for (ArrayIndex index = 0; index < size && !isMultiLine; ++index) {
     const Value& childValue = value[index];
-    isMultiLine =
-        isMultiLine || ((childValue.isArray() || childValue.isObject()) &&
+    isMultiLine = ((childValue.isArray() || childValue.isObject()) &&
                         childValue.size() > 0);
   }
   if (!isMultiLine) // check if line length > max line length
   {
     childValues_.reserve(size);
     addChildValues_ = true;
-    int lineLength = 4 + (size - 1) * 2; // '[ ' + ', '*n + ' ]'
-    for (int index = 0; index < size; ++index) {
+    ArrayIndex lineLength = 4 + (size - 1) * 2; // '[ ' + ', '*n + ' ]'
+    for (ArrayIndex index = 0; index < size; ++index) {
       if (hasCommentForValue(value[index])) {
         isMultiLine = true;
       }
       writeValue(value[index]);
-      lineLength += int(childValues_[index].length());
+      lineLength += static_cast<ArrayIndex>(childValues_[index].length());
     }
     addChildValues_ = false;
     isMultiLine = isMultiLine || lineLength >= rightMargin_;
@@ -4244,7 +4620,7 @@ bool StyledWriter::isMultineArray(const Value& value) {
   return isMultiLine;
 }
 
-void StyledWriter::pushValue(const std::string& value) {
+void StyledWriter::pushValue(const JSONCPP_STRING& value) {
   if (addChildValues_)
     childValues_.push_back(value);
   else
@@ -4262,15 +4638,15 @@ void StyledWriter::writeIndent() {
   document_ += indentString_;
 }
 
-void StyledWriter::writeWithIndent(const std::string& value) {
+void StyledWriter::writeWithIndent(const JSONCPP_STRING& value) {
   writeIndent();
   document_ += value;
 }
 
-void StyledWriter::indent() { indentString_ += std::string(indentSize_, ' '); }
+void StyledWriter::indent() { indentString_ += JSONCPP_STRING(indentSize_, ' '); }
 
 void StyledWriter::unindent() {
-  assert(int(indentString_.size()) >= indentSize_);
+  assert(indentString_.size() >= indentSize_);
   indentString_.resize(indentString_.size() - indentSize_);
 }
 
@@ -4280,8 +4656,8 @@ void StyledWriter::writeCommentBeforeValue(const Value& root) {
 
   document_ += "\n";
   writeIndent();
-  const std::string& comment = root.getComment(commentBefore);
-  std::string::const_iterator iter = comment.begin();
+  const JSONCPP_STRING& comment = root.getComment(commentBefore);
+  JSONCPP_STRING::const_iterator iter = comment.begin();
   while (iter != comment.end()) {
     document_ += *iter;
     if (*iter == '\n' &&
@@ -4314,11 +4690,11 @@ bool StyledWriter::hasCommentForValue(const Value& value) {
 // Class StyledStreamWriter
 // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-StyledStreamWriter::StyledStreamWriter(std::string indentation)
+StyledStreamWriter::StyledStreamWriter(JSONCPP_STRING indentation)
     : document_(NULL), rightMargin_(74), indentation_(indentation),
       addChildValues_() {}
 
-void StyledStreamWriter::write(std::ostream& out, const Value& root) {
+void StyledStreamWriter::write(JSONCPP_OSTREAM& out, const Value& root) {
   document_ = &out;
   addChildValues_ = false;
   indentString_ = "";
@@ -4348,7 +4724,7 @@ void StyledStreamWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
     break;
   case stringValue:
   {
-    // Is NULL possible for value.string_?
+    // Is NULL possible for value.string_? No.
     char const* str;
     char const* end;
     bool ok = value.getString(&str, &end);
@@ -4371,7 +4747,7 @@ void StyledStreamWriter::writeValue(const Value& value) {
       indent();
       Value::Members::iterator it = members.begin();
       for (;;) {
-        const std::string& name = *it;
+        const JSONCPP_STRING& name = *it;
         const Value& childValue = value[name];
         writeCommentBeforeValue(childValue);
         writeWithIndent(valueToQuotedString(name.c_str()));
@@ -4437,26 +4813,25 @@ void StyledStreamWriter::writeArrayValue(const Value& value) {
 }
 
 bool StyledStreamWriter::isMultineArray(const Value& value) {
-  int size = value.size();
+  ArrayIndex const size = value.size();
   bool isMultiLine = size * 3 >= rightMargin_;
   childValues_.clear();
-  for (int index = 0; index < size && !isMultiLine; ++index) {
+  for (ArrayIndex index = 0; index < size && !isMultiLine; ++index) {
     const Value& childValue = value[index];
-    isMultiLine =
-        isMultiLine || ((childValue.isArray() || childValue.isObject()) &&
+    isMultiLine = ((childValue.isArray() || childValue.isObject()) &&
                         childValue.size() > 0);
   }
   if (!isMultiLine) // check if line length > max line length
   {
     childValues_.reserve(size);
     addChildValues_ = true;
-    int lineLength = 4 + (size - 1) * 2; // '[ ' + ', '*n + ' ]'
-    for (int index = 0; index < size; ++index) {
+    ArrayIndex lineLength = 4 + (size - 1) * 2; // '[ ' + ', '*n + ' ]'
+    for (ArrayIndex index = 0; index < size; ++index) {
       if (hasCommentForValue(value[index])) {
         isMultiLine = true;
       }
       writeValue(value[index]);
-      lineLength += int(childValues_[index].length());
+      lineLength += static_cast<ArrayIndex>(childValues_[index].length());
     }
     addChildValues_ = false;
     isMultiLine = isMultiLine || lineLength >= rightMargin_;
@@ -4464,7 +4839,7 @@ bool StyledStreamWriter::isMultineArray(const Value& value) {
   return isMultiLine;
 }
 
-void StyledStreamWriter::pushValue(const std::string& value) {
+void StyledStreamWriter::pushValue(const JSONCPP_STRING& value) {
   if (addChildValues_)
     childValues_.push_back(value);
   else
@@ -4479,7 +4854,7 @@ void StyledStreamWriter::writeIndent() {
   *document_ << '\n' << indentString_;
 }
 
-void StyledStreamWriter::writeWithIndent(const std::string& value) {
+void StyledStreamWriter::writeWithIndent(const JSONCPP_STRING& value) {
   if (!indented_) writeIndent();
   *document_ << value;
   indented_ = false;
@@ -4497,8 +4872,8 @@ void StyledStreamWriter::writeCommentBeforeValue(const Value& root) {
     return;
 
   if (!indented_) writeIndent();
-  const std::string& comment = root.getComment(commentBefore);
-  std::string::const_iterator iter = comment.begin();
+  const JSONCPP_STRING& comment = root.getComment(commentBefore);
+  JSONCPP_STRING::const_iterator iter = comment.begin();
   while (iter != comment.end()) {
     *document_ << *iter;
     if (*iter == '\n' &&
@@ -4543,48 +4918,48 @@ struct CommentStyle {
 struct BuiltStyledStreamWriter : public StreamWriter
 {
   BuiltStyledStreamWriter(
-      std::string const& indentation,
+      JSONCPP_STRING const& indentation,
       CommentStyle::Enum cs,
-      std::string const& colonSymbol,
-      std::string const& nullSymbol,
-      std::string const& endingLineFeedSymbol,
+      JSONCPP_STRING const& colonSymbol,
+      JSONCPP_STRING const& nullSymbol,
+      JSONCPP_STRING const& endingLineFeedSymbol,
       bool useSpecialFloats,
       unsigned int precision);
-  virtual int write(Value const& root, std::ostream* sout);
+  int write(Value const& root, JSONCPP_OSTREAM* sout) JSONCPP_OVERRIDE;
 private:
   void writeValue(Value const& value);
   void writeArrayValue(Value const& value);
   bool isMultineArray(Value const& value);
-  void pushValue(std::string const& value);
+  void pushValue(JSONCPP_STRING const& value);
   void writeIndent();
-  void writeWithIndent(std::string const& value);
+  void writeWithIndent(JSONCPP_STRING const& value);
   void indent();
   void unindent();
   void writeCommentBeforeValue(Value const& root);
   void writeCommentAfterValueOnSameLine(Value const& root);
   static bool hasCommentForValue(const Value& value);
 
-  typedef std::vector<std::string> ChildValues;
+  typedef std::vector<JSONCPP_STRING> ChildValues;
 
   ChildValues childValues_;
-  std::string indentString_;
-  int rightMargin_;
-  std::string indentation_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING indentString_;
+  unsigned int rightMargin_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING indentation_;
   CommentStyle::Enum cs_;
-  std::string colonSymbol_;
-  std::string nullSymbol_;
-  std::string endingLineFeedSymbol_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING colonSymbol_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING nullSymbol_;
+  JSONCPP_STRING endingLineFeedSymbol_;
   bool addChildValues_ : 1;
   bool indented_ : 1;
   bool useSpecialFloats_ : 1;
   unsigned int precision_;
 };
 BuiltStyledStreamWriter::BuiltStyledStreamWriter(
-      std::string const& indentation,
+      JSONCPP_STRING const& indentation,
       CommentStyle::Enum cs,
-      std::string const& colonSymbol,
-      std::string const& nullSymbol,
-      std::string const& endingLineFeedSymbol,
+      JSONCPP_STRING const& colonSymbol,
+      JSONCPP_STRING const& nullSymbol,
+      JSONCPP_STRING const& endingLineFeedSymbol,
       bool useSpecialFloats,
       unsigned int precision)
   : rightMargin_(74)
@@ -4599,7 +4974,7 @@ BuiltStyledStreamWriter::BuiltStyledStreamWriter(
   , precision_(precision)
 {
 }
-int BuiltStyledStreamWriter::write(Value const& root, std::ostream* sout)
+int BuiltStyledStreamWriter::write(Value const& root, JSONCPP_OSTREAM* sout)
 {
   sout_ = sout;
   addChildValues_ = false;
@@ -4630,7 +5005,7 @@ void BuiltStyledStreamWriter::writeValue(Value const& value) {
     break;
   case stringValue:
   {
-    // Is NULL is possible for value.string_?
+    // Is NULL is possible for value.string_? No.
     char const* str;
     char const* end;
     bool ok = value.getString(&str, &end);
@@ -4653,7 +5028,7 @@ void BuiltStyledStreamWriter::writeValue(Value const& value) {
       indent();
       Value::Members::iterator it = members.begin();
       for (;;) {
-        std::string const& name = *it;
+        JSONCPP_STRING const& name = *it;
         Value const& childValue = value[name];
         writeCommentBeforeValue(childValue);
         writeWithIndent(valueToQuotedStringN(name.data(), static_cast<unsigned>(name.length())));
@@ -4711,7 +5086,7 @@ void BuiltStyledStreamWriter::writeArrayValue(Value const& value) {
       if (!indentation_.empty()) *sout_ << " ";
       for (unsigned index = 0; index < size; ++index) {
         if (index > 0)
-          *sout_ << ", ";
+          *sout_ << ((!indentation_.empty()) ? ", " : ",");
         *sout_ << childValues_[index];
       }
       if (!indentation_.empty()) *sout_ << " ";
@@ -4721,26 +5096,25 @@ void BuiltStyledStreamWriter::writeArrayValue(Value const& value) {
 }
 
 bool BuiltStyledStreamWriter::isMultineArray(Value const& value) {
-  int size = value.size();
+  ArrayIndex const size = value.size();
   bool isMultiLine = size * 3 >= rightMargin_;
   childValues_.clear();
-  for (int index = 0; index < size && !isMultiLine; ++index) {
+  for (ArrayIndex index = 0; index < size && !isMultiLine; ++index) {
     Value const& childValue = value[index];
-    isMultiLine =
-        isMultiLine || ((childValue.isArray() || childValue.isObject()) &&
+    isMultiLine = ((childValue.isArray() || childValue.isObject()) &&
                         childValue.size() > 0);
   }
   if (!isMultiLine) // check if line length > max line length
   {
     childValues_.reserve(size);
     addChildValues_ = true;
-    int lineLength = 4 + (size - 1) * 2; // '[ ' + ', '*n + ' ]'
-    for (int index = 0; index < size; ++index) {
+    ArrayIndex lineLength = 4 + (size - 1) * 2; // '[ ' + ', '*n + ' ]'
+    for (ArrayIndex index = 0; index < size; ++index) {
       if (hasCommentForValue(value[index])) {
         isMultiLine = true;
       }
       writeValue(value[index]);
-      lineLength += int(childValues_[index].length());
+      lineLength += static_cast<ArrayIndex>(childValues_[index].length());
     }
     addChildValues_ = false;
     isMultiLine = isMultiLine || lineLength >= rightMargin_;
@@ -4748,7 +5122,7 @@ bool BuiltStyledStreamWriter::isMultineArray(Value const& value) {
   return isMultiLine;
 }
 
-void BuiltStyledStreamWriter::pushValue(std::string const& value) {
+void BuiltStyledStreamWriter::pushValue(JSONCPP_STRING const& value) {
   if (addChildValues_)
     childValues_.push_back(value);
   else
@@ -4767,7 +5141,7 @@ void BuiltStyledStreamWriter::writeIndent() {
   }
 }
 
-void BuiltStyledStreamWriter::writeWithIndent(std::string const& value) {
+void BuiltStyledStreamWriter::writeWithIndent(JSONCPP_STRING const& value) {
   if (!indented_) writeIndent();
   *sout_ << value;
   indented_ = false;
@@ -4786,8 +5160,8 @@ void BuiltStyledStreamWriter::writeCommentBeforeValue(Value const& root) {
     return;
 
   if (!indented_) writeIndent();
-  const std::string& comment = root.getComment(commentBefore);
-  std::string::const_iterator iter = comment.begin();
+  const JSONCPP_STRING& comment = root.getComment(commentBefore);
+  JSONCPP_STRING::const_iterator iter = comment.begin();
   while (iter != comment.end()) {
     *sout_ << *iter;
     if (*iter == '\n' &&
@@ -4837,11 +5211,11 @@ StreamWriterBuilder::~StreamWriterBuilder()
 {}
 StreamWriter* StreamWriterBuilder::newStreamWriter() const
 {
-  std::string indentation = settings_["indentation"].asString();
-  std::string cs_str = settings_["commentStyle"].asString();
+  JSONCPP_STRING indentation = settings_["indentation"].asString();
+  JSONCPP_STRING cs_str = settings_["commentStyle"].asString();
   bool eyc = settings_["enableYAMLCompatibility"].asBool();
   bool dnp = settings_["dropNullPlaceholders"].asBool();
-  bool usf = settings_["useSpecialFloats"].asBool();
+  bool usf = settings_["useSpecialFloats"].asBool(); 
   unsigned int pre = settings_["precision"].asUInt();
   CommentStyle::Enum cs = CommentStyle::All;
   if (cs_str == "All") {
@@ -4851,23 +5225,23 @@ StreamWriter* StreamWriterBuilder::newStreamWriter() const
   } else {
     throwRuntimeError("commentStyle must be 'All' or 'None'");
   }
-  std::string colonSymbol = " : ";
+  JSONCPP_STRING colonSymbol = " : ";
   if (eyc) {
     colonSymbol = ": ";
   } else if (indentation.empty()) {
     colonSymbol = ":";
   }
-  std::string nullSymbol = "null";
+  JSONCPP_STRING nullSymbol = "null";
   if (dnp) {
     nullSymbol = "";
   }
   if (pre > 17) pre = 17;
-  std::string endingLineFeedSymbol = "";
+  JSONCPP_STRING endingLineFeedSymbol = "";
   return new BuiltStyledStreamWriter(
       indentation, cs,
       colonSymbol, nullSymbol, endingLineFeedSymbol, usf, pre);
 }
-static void getValidWriterKeys(std::set<std::string>* valid_keys)
+static void getValidWriterKeys(std::set<JSONCPP_STRING>* valid_keys)
 {
   valid_keys->clear();
   valid_keys->insert("indentation");
@@ -4882,19 +5256,19 @@ bool StreamWriterBuilder::validate(Json::Value* invalid) const
   Json::Value my_invalid;
   if (!invalid) invalid = &my_invalid;  // so we do not need to test for NULL
   Json::Value& inv = *invalid;
-  std::set<std::string> valid_keys;
+  std::set<JSONCPP_STRING> valid_keys;
   getValidWriterKeys(&valid_keys);
   Value::Members keys = settings_.getMemberNames();
   size_t n = keys.size();
   for (size_t i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
-    std::string const& key = keys[i];
+    JSONCPP_STRING const& key = keys[i];
     if (valid_keys.find(key) == valid_keys.end()) {
       inv[key] = settings_[key];
     }
   }
   return 0u == inv.size();
 }
-Value& StreamWriterBuilder::operator[](std::string key)
+Value& StreamWriterBuilder::operator[](JSONCPP_STRING key)
 {
   return settings_[key];
 }
@@ -4911,14 +5285,14 @@ void StreamWriterBuilder::setDefaults(Json::Value* settings)
   //! [StreamWriterBuilderDefaults]
 }
 
-std::string writeString(StreamWriter::Factory const& builder, Value const& root) {
-  std::ostringstream sout;
+JSONCPP_STRING writeString(StreamWriter::Factory const& builder, Value const& root) {
+  JSONCPP_OSTRINGSTREAM sout;
   StreamWriterPtr const writer(builder.newStreamWriter());
   writer->write(root, &sout);
   return sout.str();
 }
 
-std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& sout, Value const& root) {
+JSONCPP_OSTREAM& operator<<(JSONCPP_OSTREAM& sout, Value const& root) {
   StreamWriterBuilder builder;
   StreamWriterPtr const writer(builder.newStreamWriter());
   writer->write(root, &sout);