Use system-wide LevelDB instead of bundled one

1 files changed, 0 insertions, 979 deletions

diff --git a/src/leveldb/db/db_bench.cc b/src/leveldb/db/db_bench.cc
deleted file mode 100644
index 7abdf8758..000000000
--- a/src/leveldb/db/db_bench.cc
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,979 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright (c) 2011 The LevelDB Authors. All rights reserved.
-// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
-// found in the LICENSE file. See the AUTHORS file for names of contributors.
-
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include "db/db_impl.h"
-#include "db/version_set.h"
-#include "leveldb/cache.h"
-#include "leveldb/db.h"
-#include "leveldb/env.h"
-#include "leveldb/write_batch.h"
-#include "port/port.h"
-#include "util/crc32c.h"
-#include "util/histogram.h"
-#include "util/mutexlock.h"
-#include "util/random.h"
-#include "util/testutil.h"
-
-// Comma-separated list of operations to run in the specified order
-//   Actual benchmarks:
-//      fillseq       -- write N values in sequential key order in async mode
-//      fillrandom    -- write N values in random key order in async mode
-//      overwrite     -- overwrite N values in random key order in async mode
-//      fillsync      -- write N/100 values in random key order in sync mode
-//      fill100K      -- write N/1000 100K values in random order in async mode
-//      deleteseq     -- delete N keys in sequential order
-//      deleterandom  -- delete N keys in random order
-//      readseq       -- read N times sequentially
-//      readreverse   -- read N times in reverse order
-//      readrandom    -- read N times in random order
-//      readmissing   -- read N missing keys in random order
-//      readhot       -- read N times in random order from 1% section of DB
-//      seekrandom    -- N random seeks
-//      crc32c        -- repeated crc32c of 4K of data
-//      acquireload   -- load N*1000 times
-//   Meta operations:
-//      compact     -- Compact the entire DB
-//      stats       -- Print DB stats
-//      sstables    -- Print sstable info
-//      heapprofile -- Dump a heap profile (if supported by this port)
-static const char* FLAGS_benchmarks =
-    "fillseq,"
-    "fillsync,"
-    "fillrandom,"
-    "overwrite,"
-    "readrandom,"
-    "readrandom,"  // Extra run to allow previous compactions to quiesce
-    "readseq,"
-    "readreverse,"
-    "compact,"
-    "readrandom,"
-    "readseq,"
-    "readreverse,"
-    "fill100K,"
-    "crc32c,"
-    "snappycomp,"
-    "snappyuncomp,"
-    "acquireload,"
-    ;
-
-// Number of key/values to place in database
-static int FLAGS_num = 1000000;
-
-// Number of read operations to do.  If negative, do FLAGS_num reads.
-static int FLAGS_reads = -1;
-
-// Number of concurrent threads to run.
-static int FLAGS_threads = 1;
-
-// Size of each value
-static int FLAGS_value_size = 100;
-
-// Arrange to generate values that shrink to this fraction of
-// their original size after compression
-static double FLAGS_compression_ratio = 0.5;
-
-// Print histogram of operation timings
-static bool FLAGS_histogram = false;
-
-// Number of bytes to buffer in memtable before compacting
-// (initialized to default value by "main")
-static int FLAGS_write_buffer_size = 0;
-
-// Number of bytes to use as a cache of uncompressed data.
-// Negative means use default settings.
-static int FLAGS_cache_size = -1;
-
-// Maximum number of files to keep open at the same time (use default if == 0)
-static int FLAGS_open_files = 0;
-
-// Bloom filter bits per key.
-// Negative means use default settings.
-static int FLAGS_bloom_bits = -1;
-
-// If true, do not destroy the existing database.  If you set this
-// flag and also specify a benchmark that wants a fresh database, that
-// benchmark will fail.
-static bool FLAGS_use_existing_db = false;
-
-// Use the db with the following name.
-static const char* FLAGS_db = NULL;
-
-namespace leveldb {
-
-namespace {
-
-// Helper for quickly generating random data.
-class RandomGenerator {
- private:
-  std::string data_;
-  int pos_;
-
- public:
-  RandomGenerator() {
-    // We use a limited amount of data over and over again and ensure
-    // that it is larger than the compression window (32KB), and also
-    // large enough to serve all typical value sizes we want to write.
-    Random rnd(301);
-    std::string piece;
-    while (data_.size() < 1048576) {
-      // Add a short fragment that is as compressible as specified
-      // by FLAGS_compression_ratio.
-      test::CompressibleString(&rnd, FLAGS_compression_ratio, 100, &piece);
-      data_.append(piece);
-    }
-    pos_ = 0;
-  }
-
-  Slice Generate(int len) {
-    if (pos_ + len > data_.size()) {
-      pos_ = 0;
-      assert(len < data_.size());
-    }
-    pos_ += len;
-    return Slice(data_.data() + pos_ - len, len);
-  }
-};
-
-static Slice TrimSpace(Slice s) {
-  int start = 0;
-  while (start < s.size() && isspace(s[start])) {
-    start++;
-  }
-  int limit = s.size();
-  while (limit > start && isspace(s[limit-1])) {
-    limit--;
-  }
-  return Slice(s.data() + start, limit - start);
-}
-
-static void AppendWithSpace(std::string* str, Slice msg) {
-  if (msg.empty()) return;
-  if (!str->empty()) {
-    str->push_back(' ');
-  }
-  str->append(msg.data(), msg.size());
-}
-
-class Stats {
- private:
-  double start_;
-  double finish_;
-  double seconds_;
-  int done_;
-  int next_report_;
-  int64_t bytes_;
-  double last_op_finish_;
-  Histogram hist_;
-  std::string message_;
-
- public:
-  Stats() { Start(); }
-
-  void Start() {
-    next_report_ = 100;
-    last_op_finish_ = start_;
-    hist_.Clear();
-    done_ = 0;
-    bytes_ = 0;
-    seconds_ = 0;
-    start_ = Env::Default()->NowMicros();
-    finish_ = start_;
-    message_.clear();
-  }
-
-  void Merge(const Stats& other) {
-    hist_.Merge(other.hist_);
-    done_ += other.done_;
-    bytes_ += other.bytes_;
-    seconds_ += other.seconds_;
-    if (other.start_ < start_) start_ = other.start_;
-    if (other.finish_ > finish_) finish_ = other.finish_;
-
-    // Just keep the messages from one thread
-    if (message_.empty()) message_ = other.message_;
-  }
-
-  void Stop() {
-    finish_ = Env::Default()->NowMicros();
-    seconds_ = (finish_ - start_) * 1e-6;
-  }
-
-  void AddMessage(Slice msg) {
-    AppendWithSpace(&message_, msg);
-  }
-
-  void FinishedSingleOp() {
-    if (FLAGS_histogram) {
-      double now = Env::Default()->NowMicros();
-      double micros = now - last_op_finish_;
-      hist_.Add(micros);
-      if (micros > 20000) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "long op: %.1f micros%30s\r", micros, "");
-        fflush(stderr);
-      }
-      last_op_finish_ = now;
-    }
-
-    done_++;
-    if (done_ >= next_report_) {
-      if      (next_report_ < 1000)   next_report_ += 100;
-      else if (next_report_ < 5000)   next_report_ += 500;
-      else if (next_report_ < 10000)  next_report_ += 1000;
-      else if (next_report_ < 50000)  next_report_ += 5000;
-      else if (next_report_ < 100000) next_report_ += 10000;
-      else if (next_report_ < 500000) next_report_ += 50000;
-      else                            next_report_ += 100000;
-      fprintf(stderr, "... finished %d ops%30s\r", done_, "");
-      fflush(stderr);
-    }
-  }
-
-  void AddBytes(int64_t n) {
-    bytes_ += n;
-  }
-
-  void Report(const Slice& name) {
-    // Pretend at least one op was done in case we are running a benchmark
-    // that does not call FinishedSingleOp().
-    if (done_ < 1) done_ = 1;
-
-    std::string extra;
-    if (bytes_ > 0) {
-      // Rate is computed on actual elapsed time, not the sum of per-thread
-      // elapsed times.
-      double elapsed = (finish_ - start_) * 1e-6;
-      char rate[100];
-      snprintf(rate, sizeof(rate), "%6.1f MB/s",
-               (bytes_ / 1048576.0) / elapsed);
-      extra = rate;
-    }
-    AppendWithSpace(&extra, message_);
-
-    fprintf(stdout, "%-12s : %11.3f micros/op;%s%s\n",
-            name.ToString().c_str(),
-            seconds_ * 1e6 / done_,
-            (extra.empty() ? "" : " "),
-            extra.c_str());
-    if (FLAGS_histogram) {
-      fprintf(stdout, "Microseconds per op:\n%s\n", hist_.ToString().c_str());
-    }
-    fflush(stdout);
-  }
-};
-
-// State shared by all concurrent executions of the same benchmark.
-struct SharedState {
-  port::Mutex mu;
-  port::CondVar cv;
-  int total;
-
-  // Each thread goes through the following states:
-  //    (1) initializing
-  //    (2) waiting for others to be initialized
-  //    (3) running
-  //    (4) done
-
-  int num_initialized;
-  int num_done;
-  bool start;
-
-  SharedState() : cv(&mu) { }
-};
-
-// Per-thread state for concurrent executions of the same benchmark.
-struct ThreadState {
-  int tid;             // 0..n-1 when running in n threads
-  Random rand;         // Has different seeds for different threads
-  Stats stats;
-  SharedState* shared;
-
-  ThreadState(int index)
-      : tid(index),
-        rand(1000 + index) {
-  }
-};
-
-}  // namespace
-
-class Benchmark {
- private:
-  Cache* cache_;
-  const FilterPolicy* filter_policy_;
-  DB* db_;
-  int num_;
-  int value_size_;
-  int entries_per_batch_;
-  WriteOptions write_options_;
-  int reads_;
-  int heap_counter_;
-
-  void PrintHeader() {
-    const int kKeySize = 16;
-    PrintEnvironment();
-    fprintf(stdout, "Keys:       %d bytes each\n", kKeySize);
-    fprintf(stdout, "Values:     %d bytes each (%d bytes after compression)\n",
-            FLAGS_value_size,
-            static_cast<int>(FLAGS_value_size * FLAGS_compression_ratio + 0.5));
-    fprintf(stdout, "Entries:    %d\n", num_);
-    fprintf(stdout, "RawSize:    %.1f MB (estimated)\n",
-            ((static_cast<int64_t>(kKeySize + FLAGS_value_size) * num_)
-             / 1048576.0));
-    fprintf(stdout, "FileSize:   %.1f MB (estimated)\n",
-            (((kKeySize + FLAGS_value_size * FLAGS_compression_ratio) * num_)
-             / 1048576.0));
-    PrintWarnings();
-    fprintf(stdout, "------------------------------------------------\n");
-  }
-
-  void PrintWarnings() {
-#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__OPTIMIZE__)
-    fprintf(stdout,
-            "WARNING: Optimization is disabled: benchmarks unnecessarily slow\n"
-            );
-#endif
-#ifndef NDEBUG
-    fprintf(stdout,
-            "WARNING: Assertions are enabled; benchmarks unnecessarily slow\n");
-#endif
-
-    // See if snappy is working by attempting to compress a compressible string
-    const char text[] = "yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy";
-    std::string compressed;
-    if (!port::Snappy_Compress(text, sizeof(text), &compressed)) {
-      fprintf(stdout, "WARNING: Snappy compression is not enabled\n");
-    } else if (compressed.size() >= sizeof(text)) {
-      fprintf(stdout, "WARNING: Snappy compression is not effective\n");
-    }
-  }
-
-  void PrintEnvironment() {
-    fprintf(stderr, "LevelDB:    version %d.%d\n",
-            kMajorVersion, kMinorVersion);
-
-#if defined(__linux)
-    time_t now = time(NULL);
-    fprintf(stderr, "Date:       %s", ctime(&now));  // ctime() adds newline
-
-    FILE* cpuinfo = fopen("/proc/cpuinfo", "r");
-    if (cpuinfo != NULL) {
-      char line[1000];
-      int num_cpus = 0;
-      std::string cpu_type;
-      std::string cache_size;
-      while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), cpuinfo) != NULL) {
-        const char* sep = strchr(line, ':');
-        if (sep == NULL) {
-          continue;
-        }
-        Slice key = TrimSpace(Slice(line, sep - 1 - line));
-        Slice val = TrimSpace(Slice(sep + 1));
-        if (key == "model name") {
-          ++num_cpus;
-          cpu_type = val.ToString();
-        } else if (key == "cache size") {
-          cache_size = val.ToString();
-        }
-      }
-      fclose(cpuinfo);
-      fprintf(stderr, "CPU:        %d * %s\n", num_cpus, cpu_type.c_str());
-      fprintf(stderr, "CPUCache:   %s\n", cache_size.c_str());
-    }
-#endif
-  }
-
- public:
-  Benchmark()
-  : cache_(FLAGS_cache_size >= 0 ? NewLRUCache(FLAGS_cache_size) : NULL),
-    filter_policy_(FLAGS_bloom_bits >= 0
-                   ? NewBloomFilterPolicy(FLAGS_bloom_bits)
-                   : NULL),
-    db_(NULL),
-    num_(FLAGS_num),
-    value_size_(FLAGS_value_size),
-    entries_per_batch_(1),
-    reads_(FLAGS_reads < 0 ? FLAGS_num : FLAGS_reads),
-    heap_counter_(0) {
-    std::vector<std::string> files;
-    Env::Default()->GetChildren(FLAGS_db, &files);
-    for (int i = 0; i < files.size(); i++) {
-      if (Slice(files[i]).starts_with("heap-")) {
-        Env::Default()->DeleteFile(std::string(FLAGS_db) + "/" + files[i]);
-      }
-    }
-    if (!FLAGS_use_existing_db) {
-      DestroyDB(FLAGS_db, Options());
-    }
-  }
-
-  ~Benchmark() {
-    delete db_;
-    delete cache_;
-    delete filter_policy_;
-  }
-
-  void Run() {
-    PrintHeader();
-    Open();
-
-    const char* benchmarks = FLAGS_benchmarks;
-    while (benchmarks != NULL) {
-      const char* sep = strchr(benchmarks, ',');
-      Slice name;
-      if (sep == NULL) {
-        name = benchmarks;
-        benchmarks = NULL;
-      } else {
-        name = Slice(benchmarks, sep - benchmarks);
-        benchmarks = sep + 1;
-      }
-
-      // Reset parameters that may be overriddden bwlow
-      num_ = FLAGS_num;
-      reads_ = (FLAGS_reads < 0 ? FLAGS_num : FLAGS_reads);
-      value_size_ = FLAGS_value_size;
-      entries_per_batch_ = 1;
-      write_options_ = WriteOptions();
-
-      void (Benchmark::*method)(ThreadState*) = NULL;
-      bool fresh_db = false;
-      int num_threads = FLAGS_threads;
-
-      if (name == Slice("fillseq")) {
-        fresh_db = true;
-        method = &Benchmark::WriteSeq;
-      } else if (name == Slice("fillbatch")) {
-        fresh_db = true;
-        entries_per_batch_ = 1000;
-        method = &Benchmark::WriteSeq;
-      } else if (name == Slice("fillrandom")) {
-        fresh_db = true;
-        method = &Benchmark::WriteRandom;
-      } else if (name == Slice("overwrite")) {
-        fresh_db = false;
-        method = &Benchmark::WriteRandom;
-      } else if (name == Slice("fillsync")) {
-        fresh_db = true;
-        num_ /= 1000;
-        write_options_.sync = true;
-        method = &Benchmark::WriteRandom;
-      } else if (name == Slice("fill100K")) {
-        fresh_db = true;
-        num_ /= 1000;
-        value_size_ = 100 * 1000;
-        method = &Benchmark::WriteRandom;
-      } else if (name == Slice("readseq")) {
-        method = &Benchmark::ReadSequential;
-      } else if (name == Slice("readreverse")) {
-        method = &Benchmark::ReadReverse;
-      } else if (name == Slice("readrandom")) {
-        method = &Benchmark::ReadRandom;
-      } else if (name == Slice("readmissing")) {
-        method = &Benchmark::ReadMissing;
-      } else if (name == Slice("seekrandom")) {
-        method = &Benchmark::SeekRandom;
-      } else if (name == Slice("readhot")) {
-        method = &Benchmark::ReadHot;
-      } else if (name == Slice("readrandomsmall")) {
-        reads_ /= 1000;
-        method = &Benchmark::ReadRandom;
-      } else if (name == Slice("deleteseq")) {
-        method = &Benchmark::DeleteSeq;
-      } else if (name == Slice("deleterandom")) {
-        method = &Benchmark::DeleteRandom;
-      } else if (name == Slice("readwhilewriting")) {
-        num_threads++;  // Add extra thread for writing
-        method = &Benchmark::ReadWhileWriting;
-      } else if (name == Slice("compact")) {
-        method = &Benchmark::Compact;
-      } else if (name == Slice("crc32c")) {
-        method = &Benchmark::Crc32c;
-      } else if (name == Slice("acquireload")) {
-        method = &Benchmark::AcquireLoad;
-      } else if (name == Slice("snappycomp")) {
-        method = &Benchmark::SnappyCompress;
-      } else if (name == Slice("snappyuncomp")) {
-        method = &Benchmark::SnappyUncompress;
-      } else if (name == Slice("heapprofile")) {
-        HeapProfile();
-      } else if (name == Slice("stats")) {
-        PrintStats("leveldb.stats");
-      } else if (name == Slice("sstables")) {
-        PrintStats("leveldb.sstables");
-      } else {
-        if (name != Slice()) {  // No error message for empty name
-          fprintf(stderr, "unknown benchmark '%s'\n", name.ToString().c_str());
-        }
-      }
-
-      if (fresh_db) {
-        if (FLAGS_use_existing_db) {
-          fprintf(stdout, "%-12s : skipped (--use_existing_db is true)\n",
-                  name.ToString().c_str());
-          method = NULL;
-        } else {
-          delete db_;
-          db_ = NULL;
-          DestroyDB(FLAGS_db, Options());
-          Open();
-        }
-      }
-
-      if (method != NULL) {
-        RunBenchmark(num_threads, name, method);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
- private:
-  struct ThreadArg {
-    Benchmark* bm;
-    SharedState* shared;
-    ThreadState* thread;
-    void (Benchmark::*method)(ThreadState*);
-  };
-
-  static void ThreadBody(void* v) {
-    ThreadArg* arg = reinterpret_cast<ThreadArg*>(v);
-    SharedState* shared = arg->shared;
-    ThreadState* thread = arg->thread;
-    {
-      MutexLock l(&shared->mu);
-      shared->num_initialized++;
-      if (shared->num_initialized >= shared->total) {
-        shared->cv.SignalAll();
-      }
-      while (!shared->start) {
-        shared->cv.Wait();
-      }
-    }
-
-    thread->stats.Start();
-    (arg->bm->*(arg->method))(thread);
-    thread->stats.Stop();
-
-    {
-      MutexLock l(&shared->mu);
-      shared->num_done++;
-      if (shared->num_done >= shared->total) {
-        shared->cv.SignalAll();
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  void RunBenchmark(int n, Slice name,
-                    void (Benchmark::*method)(ThreadState*)) {
-    SharedState shared;
-    shared.total = n;
-    shared.num_initialized = 0;
-    shared.num_done = 0;
-    shared.start = false;
-
-    ThreadArg* arg = new ThreadArg[n];
-    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-      arg[i].bm = this;
-      arg[i].method = method;
-      arg[i].shared = &shared;
-      arg[i].thread = new ThreadState(i);
-      arg[i].thread->shared = &shared;
-      Env::Default()->StartThread(ThreadBody, &arg[i]);
-    }
-
-    shared.mu.Lock();
-    while (shared.num_initialized < n) {
-      shared.cv.Wait();
-    }
-
-    shared.start = true;
-    shared.cv.SignalAll();
-    while (shared.num_done < n) {
-      shared.cv.Wait();
-    }
-    shared.mu.Unlock();
-
-    for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
-      arg[0].thread->stats.Merge(arg[i].thread->stats);
-    }
-    arg[0].thread->stats.Report(name);
-
-    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-      delete arg[i].thread;
-    }
-    delete[] arg;
-  }
-
-  void Crc32c(ThreadState* thread) {
-    // Checksum about 500MB of data total
-    const int size = 4096;
-    const char* label = "(4K per op)";
-    std::string data(size, 'x');
-    int64_t bytes = 0;
-    uint32_t crc = 0;
-    while (bytes < 500 * 1048576) {
-      crc = crc32c::Value(data.data(), size);
-      thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
-      bytes += size;
-    }
-    // Print so result is not dead
-    fprintf(stderr, "... crc=0x%x\r", static_cast<unsigned int>(crc));
-
-    thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
-    thread->stats.AddMessage(label);
-  }
-
-  void AcquireLoad(ThreadState* thread) {
-    int dummy;
-    port::AtomicPointer ap(&dummy);
-    int count = 0;
-    void *ptr = NULL;
-    thread->stats.AddMessage("(each op is 1000 loads)");
-    while (count < 100000) {
-      for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
-        ptr = ap.Acquire_Load();
-      }
-      count++;
-      thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
-    }
-    if (ptr == NULL) exit(1); // Disable unused variable warning.
-  }
-
-  void SnappyCompress(ThreadState* thread) {
-    RandomGenerator gen;
-    Slice input = gen.Generate(Options().block_size);
-    int64_t bytes = 0;
-    int64_t produced = 0;
-    bool ok = true;
-    std::string compressed;
-    while (ok && bytes < 1024 * 1048576) {  // Compress 1G
-      ok = port::Snappy_Compress(input.data(), input.size(), &compressed);
-      produced += compressed.size();
-      bytes += input.size();
-      thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
-    }
-
-    if (!ok) {
-      thread->stats.AddMessage("(snappy failure)");
-    } else {
-      char buf[100];
-      snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "(output: %.1f%%)",
-               (produced * 100.0) / bytes);
-      thread->stats.AddMessage(buf);
-      thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
-    }
-  }
-
-  void SnappyUncompress(ThreadState* thread) {
-    RandomGenerator gen;
-    Slice input = gen.Generate(Options().block_size);
-    std::string compressed;
-    bool ok = port::Snappy_Compress(input.data(), input.size(), &compressed);
-    int64_t bytes = 0;
-    char* uncompressed = new char[input.size()];
-    while (ok && bytes < 1024 * 1048576) {  // Compress 1G
-      ok =  port::Snappy_Uncompress(compressed.data(), compressed.size(),
-                                    uncompressed);
-      bytes += input.size();
-      thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
-    }
-    delete[] uncompressed;
-
-    if (!ok) {
-      thread->stats.AddMessage("(snappy failure)");
-    } else {
-      thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
-    }
-  }
-
-  void Open() {
-    assert(db_ == NULL);
-    Options options;
-    options.create_if_missing = !FLAGS_use_existing_db;
-    options.block_cache = cache_;
-    options.write_buffer_size = FLAGS_write_buffer_size;
-    options.max_open_files = FLAGS_open_files;
-    options.filter_policy = filter_policy_;
-    Status s = DB::Open(options, FLAGS_db, &db_);
-    if (!s.ok()) {
-      fprintf(stderr, "open error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
-      exit(1);
-    }
-  }
-
-  void WriteSeq(ThreadState* thread) {
-    DoWrite(thread, true);
-  }
-
-  void WriteRandom(ThreadState* thread) {
-    DoWrite(thread, false);
-  }
-
-  void DoWrite(ThreadState* thread, bool seq) {
-    if (num_ != FLAGS_num) {
-      char msg[100];
-      snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "(%d ops)", num_);
-      thread->stats.AddMessage(msg);
-    }
-
-    RandomGenerator gen;
-    WriteBatch batch;
-    Status s;
-    int64_t bytes = 0;
-    for (int i = 0; i < num_; i += entries_per_batch_) {
-      batch.Clear();
-      for (int j = 0; j < entries_per_batch_; j++) {
-        const int k = seq ? i+j : (thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num);
-        char key[100];
-        snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
-        batch.Put(key, gen.Generate(value_size_));
-        bytes += value_size_ + strlen(key);
-        thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
-      }
-      s = db_->Write(write_options_, &batch);
-      if (!s.ok()) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "put error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
-        exit(1);
-      }
-    }
-    thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
-  }
-
-  void ReadSequential(ThreadState* thread) {
-    Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
-    int i = 0;
-    int64_t bytes = 0;
-    for (iter->SeekToFirst(); i < reads_ && iter->Valid(); iter->Next()) {
-      bytes += iter->key().size() + iter->value().size();
-      thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
-      ++i;
-    }
-    delete iter;
-    thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
-  }
-
-  void ReadReverse(ThreadState* thread) {
-    Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(ReadOptions());
-    int i = 0;
-    int64_t bytes = 0;
-    for (iter->SeekToLast(); i < reads_ && iter->Valid(); iter->Prev()) {
-      bytes += iter->key().size() + iter->value().size();
-      thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
-      ++i;
-    }
-    delete iter;
-    thread->stats.AddBytes(bytes);
-  }
-
-  void ReadRandom(ThreadState* thread) {
-    ReadOptions options;
-    std::string value;
-    int found = 0;
-    for (int i = 0; i < reads_; i++) {
-      char key[100];
-      const int k = thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num;
-      snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
-      if (db_->Get(options, key, &value).ok()) {
-        found++;
-      }
-      thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
-    }
-    char msg[100];
-    snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "(%d of %d found)", found, num_);
-    thread->stats.AddMessage(msg);
-  }
-
-  void ReadMissing(ThreadState* thread) {
-    ReadOptions options;
-    std::string value;
-    for (int i = 0; i < reads_; i++) {
-      char key[100];
-      const int k = thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num;
-      snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d.", k);
-      db_->Get(options, key, &value);
-      thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
-    }
-  }
-
-  void ReadHot(ThreadState* thread) {
-    ReadOptions options;
-    std::string value;
-    const int range = (FLAGS_num + 99) / 100;
-    for (int i = 0; i < reads_; i++) {
-      char key[100];
-      const int k = thread->rand.Next() % range;
-      snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
-      db_->Get(options, key, &value);
-      thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
-    }
-  }
-
-  void SeekRandom(ThreadState* thread) {
-    ReadOptions options;
-    std::string value;
-    int found = 0;
-    for (int i = 0; i < reads_; i++) {
-      Iterator* iter = db_->NewIterator(options);
-      char key[100];
-      const int k = thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num;
-      snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
-      iter->Seek(key);
-      if (iter->Valid() && iter->key() == key) found++;
-      delete iter;
-      thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
-    }
-    char msg[100];
-    snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), "(%d of %d found)", found, num_);
-    thread->stats.AddMessage(msg);
-  }
-
-  void DoDelete(ThreadState* thread, bool seq) {
-    RandomGenerator gen;
-    WriteBatch batch;
-    Status s;
-    for (int i = 0; i < num_; i += entries_per_batch_) {
-      batch.Clear();
-      for (int j = 0; j < entries_per_batch_; j++) {
-        const int k = seq ? i+j : (thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num);
-        char key[100];
-        snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
-        batch.Delete(key);
-        thread->stats.FinishedSingleOp();
-      }
-      s = db_->Write(write_options_, &batch);
-      if (!s.ok()) {
-        fprintf(stderr, "del error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
-        exit(1);
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  void DeleteSeq(ThreadState* thread) {
-    DoDelete(thread, true);
-  }
-
-  void DeleteRandom(ThreadState* thread) {
-    DoDelete(thread, false);
-  }
-
-  void ReadWhileWriting(ThreadState* thread) {
-    if (thread->tid > 0) {
-      ReadRandom(thread);
-    } else {
-      // Special thread that keeps writing until other threads are done.
-      RandomGenerator gen;
-      while (true) {
-        {
-          MutexLock l(&thread->shared->mu);
-          if (thread->shared->num_done + 1 >= thread->shared->num_initialized) {
-            // Other threads have finished
-            break;
-          }
-        }
-
-        const int k = thread->rand.Next() % FLAGS_num;
-        char key[100];
-        snprintf(key, sizeof(key), "%016d", k);
-        Status s = db_->Put(write_options_, key, gen.Generate(value_size_));
-        if (!s.ok()) {
-          fprintf(stderr, "put error: %s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
-          exit(1);
-        }
-      }
-
-      // Do not count any of the preceding work/delay in stats.
-      thread->stats.Start();
-    }
-  }
-
-  void Compact(ThreadState* thread) {
-    db_->CompactRange(NULL, NULL);
-  }
-
-  void PrintStats(const char* key) {
-    std::string stats;
-    if (!db_->GetProperty(key, &stats)) {
-      stats = "(failed)";
-    }
-    fprintf(stdout, "\n%s\n", stats.c_str());
-  }
-
-  static void WriteToFile(void* arg, const char* buf, int n) {
-    reinterpret_cast<WritableFile*>(arg)->Append(Slice(buf, n));
-  }
-
-  void HeapProfile() {
-    char fname[100];
-    snprintf(fname, sizeof(fname), "%s/heap-%04d", FLAGS_db, ++heap_counter_);
-    WritableFile* file;
-    Status s = Env::Default()->NewWritableFile(fname, &file);
-    if (!s.ok()) {
-      fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", s.ToString().c_str());
-      return;
-    }
-    bool ok = port::GetHeapProfile(WriteToFile, file);
-    delete file;
-    if (!ok) {
-      fprintf(stderr, "heap profiling not supported\n");
-      Env::Default()->DeleteFile(fname);
-    }
-  }
-};
-
-}  // namespace leveldb
-
-int main(int argc, char** argv) {
-  FLAGS_write_buffer_size = leveldb::Options().write_buffer_size;
-  FLAGS_open_files = leveldb::Options().max_open_files;
-  std::string default_db_path;
-
-  for (int i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-    double d;
-    int n;
-    char junk;
-    if (leveldb::Slice(argv[i]).starts_with("--benchmarks=")) {
-      FLAGS_benchmarks = argv[i] + strlen("--benchmarks=");
-    } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--compression_ratio=%lf%c", &d, &junk) == 1) {
-      FLAGS_compression_ratio = d;
-    } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--histogram=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1 &&
-               (n == 0 || n == 1)) {
-      FLAGS_histogram = n;
-    } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--use_existing_db=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1 &&
-               (n == 0 || n == 1)) {
-      FLAGS_use_existing_db = n;
-    } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--num=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
-      FLAGS_num = n;
-    } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--reads=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
-      FLAGS_reads = n;
-    } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--threads=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
-      FLAGS_threads = n;
-    } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--value_size=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
-      FLAGS_value_size = n;
-    } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--write_buffer_size=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
-      FLAGS_write_buffer_size = n;
-    } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--cache_size=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
-      FLAGS_cache_size = n;
-    } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--bloom_bits=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
-      FLAGS_bloom_bits = n;
-    } else if (sscanf(argv[i], "--open_files=%d%c", &n, &junk) == 1) {
-      FLAGS_open_files = n;
-    } else if (strncmp(argv[i], "--db=", 5) == 0) {
-      FLAGS_db = argv[i] + 5;
-    } else {
-      fprintf(stderr, "Invalid flag '%s'\n", argv[i]);
-      exit(1);
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Choose a location for the test database if none given with --db=<path>
-  if (FLAGS_db == NULL) {
-      leveldb::Env::Default()->GetTestDirectory(&default_db_path);
-      default_db_path += "/dbbench";
-      FLAGS_db = default_db_path.c_str();
-  }
-
-  leveldb::Benchmark benchmark;
-  benchmark.Run();
-  return 0;
-}